From 7dc61c6e80907453cbab3324adfb61272c71f8a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "ivan.pavlovic" <ivan.pavlovic@hes-so.ch>
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2025 13:53:05 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?Premiere=20version=20du=20teste=20pour=20les=20?=
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<!DOCTYPE PubmedArticleSet PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD PubMedArticle, 1st January 2024//EN" "https://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/ncbi/pubmed/out/pubmed_240101.dtd">
<PubmedArticleSet>
-<PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612437</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1536-5964</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>103</Volume><Issue>48</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Medicine (Baltimore)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Association between serum uric acid and prediabetes in a normal Chinese population: A cross-sectional study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e40544</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e40544</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e40544</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1097/MD.0000000000040544</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Cardiovascular events are frequent among individuals with prediabetes. And the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels has been supported by extensive scientific evidence. However, there remains controversy regarding the correlation between elevated SUA and prediabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between elevated SUA levels and the prevalence of prediabetes and gender differences in the association. A total of 190,891 individuals who participated in health checkups at the Health Promotion Center of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2017 to December 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. The health checkups were carried out by trained general practitioners and nurses. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes and prediabetes are defined in the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. The association between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes was examined based on logistic regression analysis. The dose-response effect between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes in both sexes was assessed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model. Among 190,891 participants, this study included 106,482 males (55.8%) and 84,409 females (44.2%). There were 46,240 (24.2%) patients with prediabetes and 20,792 (10.9%) patients with diabetes. SUA was divided into quartiles (Q). Compared to the SUA Q1 group, the prevalence of prediabetes was elevated in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 1.378, 95% CI = 1.321-1.437), but diabetes risk was decreased in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 0.690, 95% CI = 0.651-0.730). We found that SUA levels were correlated with prediabetes more significantly in male subjects (OR = 1.328, 95% CI = 1.272-1.386) than in female subjects (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.122-1.249) (P for interaction < .001). Higher SUA levels were strongly related to an elevated prevalence of prediabetes but a decreased prevalence of diabetes. The association of SUA in prediabetes was more significant in men.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shen</LastName><ForeName>Keqing</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0008-1033-4473</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Yilin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Junlu</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Liangli</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cai</LastName><ForeName>Xixuan</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pan</LastName><ForeName>Jianjiang</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Jingyi</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Lusha</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Liying</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8895-3775</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>WKJ-ZJ-2304</GrantID><Agency>Major Program Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry of China</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>268B43MJ25</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014527">Uric Acid</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011236" MajorTopicYN="Y">Prediabetic State</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014527" MajorTopicYN="Y">Uric Acid</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002681" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">China</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012737" MajorTopicYN="N">Sex Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000095225" MajorTopicYN="N">East Asian People</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2011;203:259–69.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC3110567</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21281456</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612426</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1536-5964</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>103</Volume><Issue>48</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Medicine (Baltimore)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Exploring the link between SIRT1 gene variants and depression comorbidity in type 2 diabetes.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e40563</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e40563</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e40563</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1097/MD.0000000000040563</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study aims to (1) analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid depression and (2) explore the association between SIRT1 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism sites and this comorbidity. A total of 450 type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized in the General Medicine Department at The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from July 2022 to September 2023, and 300 healthy individuals from the physical examination department were selected as study subjects. Both groups were assessed using general information surveys and questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed to compare clinical indicators across 3 groups: individuals with only type 2 diabetes, those with comorbid depression, and healthy controls. The age, gender, disease duration, marital status, income and drug expenditure, employment status, fasting blood glucose level, fasting insulin level difference, insulin resistance index difference, glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein level, and HCY difference among the 3 groups of patients were risk factors for type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 mRNA level was significantly reduced in type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 gene had 3 sites: rs12415800, rs3758391, and rs932658, which were related to the patient's type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. They were the additive model and dominant model of rs12415800 and rs3758391, respectively. In addition, the GTGGT haplotype composed of rs12415800-rs932658-rs7895833-rs2273773-rs1467568 and the AGACT haplotype composed of rs3758391-rs932658-rs33957861-rs3818292-rs1467568 were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. Numerous factors influence the presence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes, with the SIRT1 gene playing a significant role, serving as a potential biomarker for this comorbidity.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>He</LastName><ForeName>Yingxia</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Qinqin</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yin</LastName><ForeName>Ziwei</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zeng</LastName><ForeName>Yi</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xia</LastName><ForeName>Ningyu</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhu</LastName><ForeName>Hong</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0007-8771-336</Identifier></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D064888">Observational Study</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.5.1.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D056564">Sirtuin 1</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.5.1.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C447939">SIRT1 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056564" MajorTopicYN="Y">Sirtuin 1</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020641" MajorTopicYN="Y">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003863" MajorTopicYN="Y">Depression</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015897" MajorTopicYN="Y">Comorbidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016022" MajorTopicYN="N">Case-Control Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002681" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">China</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020022" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>15</Hour><Minute>43</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612426</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11608703</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1097/MD.0000000000040563</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">00005792-202411290-00051</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Farooqi A, Gillies C, Sathanapally H, et al. . 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Neurotox Res. 2022;40:670–86.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">35156173</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612420</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1536-5964</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>103</Volume><Issue>48</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Medicine (Baltimore)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effects of genetic variants of organic cation transporters on metformin response in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e40684</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e40684</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e40684</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1097/MD.0000000000040684</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Metformin is the optimal initial therapy for patients with T2DM. Genetic factors play a vital role in metformin response, including variations in drug efficacy and potential side effects. To determine the effects of genetic variants of multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2 (MATE2), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) genes on metformin response in a cohort of Saudi patients. This prospective observational study included 76 T2DM newly diagnosed Saudi patients treated with metformin monotherapy and 80 control individuals. Demographic data, lipid profiles, creatinine levels, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were collected before and after treatment. All participants were genotyped for 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs4621031, rs34399035, rs2301759, rs1800058, and rs11212617, using TaqMan R genotyping assays. This study included 156 subjects. The subjects' mean ± SD age was 50.4 ± 10.14 years. The difference in HbA1c levels in T2DM after treatment ranged from -1.20% to 8.8%, with a mean value of 0.927 ± 1.73%. In general, 73.7% of the patients with T2DM showed an adequate response to metformin (HbA1c < 7%). STK11 (rs2301759) significantly affects the response to metformin in T2DM patients. In the rs2301759 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, the prevalence of an adequate response to metformin was significantly higher among patients with C/C and T/C genotypes than among non-responders (P = .021). However, no statistically significant associations were observed for the other tested SNPs. Our study provides evidence of an association between STK11 (rs2301759) and response to metformin in Saudi patients with T2DM. The need for targeted studies on specific gene-drug associations is emphasized, and further studies with a larger population should be conducted.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>AlKreathy</LastName><ForeName>Huda M</ForeName><Initials>HM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alzahrani</LastName><ForeName>Abdulhhakim A</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical Affairs, Al-Baha Health Cluster, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Esmat</LastName><ForeName>Ahmed</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Damanhouri</LastName><ForeName>Zoheir A</ForeName><Initials>ZA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9150-5471</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>988</GrantID><Agency>Deputyship for Research and Innovation of the Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D064888">Observational Study</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9100L32L2N</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008687">Metformin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007004">Hypoglycemic Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D017346">Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D027701">Organic Cation Transport Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006442">Glycated Hemoglobin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C109790">STK11 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C521870">SLC47A2 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.3</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000091162">AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D064007">Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C576324">ATM protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C517652">hemoglobin A1c protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008687" MajorTopicYN="Y">Metformin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020641" MajorTopicYN="Y">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007004" MajorTopicYN="Y">Hypoglycemic Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011446" MajorTopicYN="N">Prospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017346" MajorTopicYN="Y">Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D027701" MajorTopicYN="Y">Organic Cation Transport Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006442" MajorTopicYN="Y">Glycated Hemoglobin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012529" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Saudi Arabia</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000091162" MajorTopicYN="N">AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D064007" MajorTopicYN="N">Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005838" MajorTopicYN="N">Genotype</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>15</Hour><Minute>43</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612420</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11608742</ArticleId><ArticleId 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Biomarkers have important clinical significance in the diagnosis and treatment of DN and have attracted extensive attention from researchers in recent years. The aim of this study was to visualize the field of biomarker research in DN through bibliometric analysis, to summarize the current status and predict future trends of this field, with a view to providing valuable insights for scholars and policy makers.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Literature search and data collection from Web of Science Core Collection. Calculations and visualizations were performed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix R-package, and CiteSpace.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">We identified 1274 publications about biomarker research in DN from 1995 to November 01, 2023, with a steady increase in annual publications. China, Steno Diabetes Center in Denmark, and Frontiers in Endocrinology were the most productive country, institution, and journal, respectively; Mischak, Harald was both the most productive and highly cited author, and Kidney International was the most cited journal. The high frequency keywords were "albuminuria," "chronic kidney disease" and "expression." In addition, "macrophage," "fibrosis" and "omics" are potentially promising topics.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Our study comprehensively and visually summarized the important findings of global biomarker research in DN and revealed the structure, hotspots, and evolutionary trends in this field. It would inspire subsequent studies from a macroscopic perspective and provide a basis for rational allocation of resources and identification of collaborations among researchers.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Qin</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xie</LastName><ForeName>Yafei</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zuo</LastName><ForeName>Meiying</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Fang</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0003-2442-6604</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D015415">Biomarkers</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003928" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetic Nephropathies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015706" MajorTopicYN="Y">Bibliometrics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015415" MajorTopicYN="Y">Biomarkers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D035843" MajorTopicYN="N">Biomedical Research</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000639" MajorTopicYN="N">trends</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>15</Hour><Minute>43</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612398</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11608688</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1097/MD.0000000000040729</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">00005792-202411290-00023</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Gross JL, de Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP, Canani LH, Caramori ML, Zelmanovitz T. 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Asian J Surg. 2022;45:2752–4.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">35718604</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612259</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2376-1032</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>30</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Manag Care Spec Pharm</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Area deprivation index impact on type 2 diabetes outcomes in a regional health plan.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1375</StartPage><EndPage>1384</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1375-1384</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.18553/jmcp.2024.30.12.1375</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Rates of attainment of high-quality diabetes care have been shown to be lower for those living in more disadvantaged and rural areas. Diabetes management relies on access to care and is impacted by physical, social, and economic factors. Area deprivation index (ADI) is one way to quantify geographic disparities in aggregate. We aimed to investigate how ADI impacts outcomes in members with type 2 diabetes enrolled in a large, regional health plan.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">To evalute clinical and economic objectives. Clinical objectives included the percentage of members who achieved hemoglobin A1c (A1c) goal level of 7% or less, the percentage of members who received comorbidity-focused therapies, noninsulin diabetes medication adherence, and the frequency and type of health care services used. Economic outcomes included per member per month differences in total cost of care, pharmacy cost, medical cost, and diabetes-associated cost.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">This retrospective review of pharmacy and medical claims included 8,814 adult members with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes enrolled in an integrated health plan during calendar year 2021. To be included, members were required to be at least 18 years of age, reside in Pennsylvania, and have continuous enrollment for 2 years prior to type 2 diabetes diagnosis. State-level ADI data were derived for each member and applied to the Census block group on file in the administrative claims data. The study population deciles were grouped into ADI quintiles for analysis. Multivariable regression models and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the association between ADI and outcomes while controlling for confounding variables.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">There were no statistically significant differences between any ADI quintile for achievement of A1c goal or receipt of comorbidity-focused therapy. Significant differences were identified between ADI quintiles 1 (least deprived) and 5 (most deprived) for obtainment of at least 1 A1c test during calendar year 2021 (72% vs 56%, <i>P</i> < 0.01) and adherence to noninsulin diabetes medications (70% vs 62%, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Significant differences were also identified for all-cause inpatient, outpatient, and unplanned health care service utilization. The difference in per member per month all-cause total cost of care was on average $363.50 less for those living in ADI quintile 1 vs those in quintile 5 (<i>P</i> < 0.01).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Significant differences were identified between ADI quintiles 1 and 5 for noninsulin diabetes medication adherence, frequency of A1c test claims, all-cause health care service utilization, and total cost of care. There were no statistically significant differences between ADI quintiles for achievement of A1c goal or receipt of comorbidity-focused therapies.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Laffey</LastName><ForeName>Taylor N</ForeName><Initials>TN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marr</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Modany</LastName><ForeName>Ashley</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McGraw</LastName><ForeName>Molly</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mounarath</LastName><ForeName>Tavvy</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bryk</LastName><ForeName>Andrew</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Christian</LastName><ForeName>Nicholas</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Good</LastName><ForeName>Chester</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Manag Care Spec Pharm</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101644425</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2376-0540</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006442">Glycated Hemoglobin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007004">Hypoglycemic Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000191" MajorTopicYN="N">economics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006442" MajorTopicYN="N">Glycated Hemoglobin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055118" MajorTopicYN="N">Medication Adherence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010414" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pennsylvania</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007004" MajorTopicYN="N">Hypoglycemic Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000191" MajorTopicYN="N">economics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012041" MajorTopicYN="N">Regional Medical Programs</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000191" MajorTopicYN="N">economics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017048" MajorTopicYN="N">Health Care Costs</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>42</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612259</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11607216</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18553/jmcp.2024.30.12.1375</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:1289-96. doi:10.2147/COPD.S157594</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5914553</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29719384</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612042</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1522-1709</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>29</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sleep Breath</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The association between chemosensitivity and the 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>32</StartPage><MedlinePgn>32</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">32</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s11325-024-03221-y</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="PURPOSE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with a variety of diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Chemosensitivity is an important component of the pathophysiological mechanisms of OSA, and it is not only elevated in patients with OSA but also in those with T2D. This study aimed to investigate the association between chemosensitivity and the risk of developing T2D in patients with OSA.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A total of 135 male participants with OSA and without pre-existing T2D were enrolled in this study. Peripheral chemosensitivity was evaluated using the rebreathing test. Data on demographics, polysomnographic parameters, and clinical characteristics were collected. The QDiabetes-2018 risk calculator was employed to calculate the 10-year T2D risk. The association between peripheral chemosensitivity and 10-year T2D risk was examined using multivariate logistic regression.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 64 participants had moderate-to-high 10-year risk of T2D. In the fully adjusted model, participants situated within the second and fifth quantiles of peripheral chemosensitivity levels demonstrated a higher risk of developing T2D, with OR of 4.87 (95% CI, 1.22-19.43) and 5.26 (95% CI, 1.27-21.68) respectively. However, across varying levels of peripheral chemosensitivity, no significant difference in the 10-year T2D risk was observed among different severities of OSA.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Higher peripheral chemosensitivity was associated with an increased 10-year T2D risk, as calculated using a risk calculator based on clinical variables. For outcomes that reflect a moderate-to-high 10-year risk of T2D, the severity of OSA did not significantly affect the risk, irrespective of whether patients exhibited relatively low or high chemosensitivity.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s).</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Lixia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dai</LastName><ForeName>Lu</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Xiaona</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guo</LastName><ForeName>Junwei</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Rong</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xiao</LastName><ForeName>Yi</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5315-7771</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China. xiaoyipumch@sina.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>82370052</GrantID><Agency>the National Natural Science Foundation of China</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Sleep Breath</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9804161</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1520-9512</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020181" MajorTopicYN="Y">Sleep Apnea, Obstructive</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017286" MajorTopicYN="N">Polysomnography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hypercapnic ventilatory response</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Obstructive sleep apnea</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Peripheral chemosensitivity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Type 2 diabetes</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. Ethical approval: The study was approved by the ethics committees of Peking Union Medical College (JS-3573) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Conflict of interest: Dr Xiaona Wang reports a patent for a device for measuring ventilatory control based on hypercapnic ventilatory response issued to ZL 2021 2 1127108.9. 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J Clin Sleep Med 6:244–250</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC2883035</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20572417</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612019</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1522-1709</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>29</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sleep Breath</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The effect of physical activity on sleep quality in people with diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>23</StartPage><MedlinePgn>23</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s11325-024-03176-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">To revise and critically summarize the available scientific evidence regarding the effect of exercise on sleep quality in people with diabetes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Three electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, PEDro Database and Scopus) were searched systematically from their inception until February 2024. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database and Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After Studies with No Control Group scales.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 7 randomized controlled trials and 3 single-arm studies were included. Most of the studies included patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 8). Self-reported sleep quality (n = 9) and objective sleep status (n = 1) were the main outcomes analysed. A variety of training programs were assessed over durations ranging from 4 to 16 weeks in the studies included. Data from eleven interventions demonstrated a significant improvement in self-reported sleep quality among patients with type 2 diabetes (Hedges' g -1.45; 95% CI -2.6; -0.29, p = 0.005). However, data synthesis indicated that participants who exercised did not obtain significant improvements on their self-reported sleep quality compared to those in the control groups (Hedges' g 1.40; 95% CI -1.36; 4.18, p = 0.111).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise can be prescribed to manage self-reported sleep quality in this population, although its effects may not surpass those of usual care.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>González-Devesa</LastName><ForeName>Daniel</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-6254-6461</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Facultad de Humanidades y Educación, Universidad Católica de Ávila, C/ Canteros, Ávila, 05005, España. danidevesa4@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain. danidevesa4@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sanchez-Lastra</LastName><ForeName>Miguel Adriano</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pérez-Fernández</LastName><ForeName>Pedro</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y del Deporte, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, 36005, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Diz-Gómez</LastName><ForeName>José Carlos</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ayán-Pérez</LastName><ForeName>Carlos</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Sleep Breath</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9804161</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1520-9512</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000089943" MajorTopicYN="Y">Sleep Quality</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015444" MajorTopicYN="Y">Exercise</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005081" MajorTopicYN="N">Exercise Therapy</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Exercise</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Health</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Rehabilitation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Sleep</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Training</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. Ethical approval: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. 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The emergence of S. aureus strains that are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic options. One promising candidate is Cramoll (Cratylia mollis seed lectin), known for its immunomodulatory, mitogenic, and healing properties. However, its efficacy in infected diabetic wounds remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effects of topical Cramoll treatment on diabetic wounds infected by S. aureus. Diabetic Swiss mice (induced by streptozotocin) were subjected to an 8-mm wound on the back and subsequently infected with a suspension of multidrug-resistant S. aureus. During the treatment period, the wounds were clinically evaluated for inflammation and the area of injury. After seven days, samples were collected from the wounds to quantify the bacterial load and histopathological and immunological analyses. Wounds infected by S. aureus exhibited more pronounced areas and severity indices, which were significantly reduced by Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in inflammatory cells and an increase in revascularization with Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Cramoll also promoted greater collagen production compared to controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Cramoll treatment significantly reduced the S. aureus load in wounds (p < 0.0001), decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels in infected wounds, and increased ERK pathway activation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Cramoll lectin improves the healing of diabetic wounds, and these results contribute to the understanding of Cramoll healing mechanisms, reinforcing its potential as a healing agent in various clinical conditions.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dos Santos Silva</LastName><ForeName>Lucas</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dos Santos Castelo Branco</LastName><ForeName>Simeone Júlio</ForeName><Initials>SJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Silva</LastName><ForeName>Izadora Souza Soeiro</ForeName><Initials>ISS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paiva</LastName><ForeName>Miria Yasmim Miranda</ForeName><Initials>MYM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vila Nova</LastName><ForeName>Beatriz Gomes</ForeName><Initials>BG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Matos Chaves Lima</LastName><ForeName>Carlos Emanuel</ForeName><Initials>CE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Odontologia, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Oliveira</LastName><ForeName>Weslley Felix</ForeName><Initials>WF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Paiva</LastName><ForeName>Felipe Eduardo Alves</ForeName><Initials>FEA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Histologia, Embriologia e Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 74690-900, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paiva</LastName><ForeName>Patrícia Maria Guedes</ForeName><Initials>PMG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Souza Monteiro</LastName><ForeName>Andrea</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Teixeira</LastName><ForeName>Claudener Souza</ForeName><Initials>CS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Crato, Ceará, 63130-025, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cardoso</LastName><ForeName>Cléver Gomes</ForeName><Initials>CG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Histologia, Embriologia e Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 74690-900, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dos Santos Correia</LastName><ForeName>Maria Tereza</ForeName><Initials>MT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nascimento da Silva</LastName><ForeName>Luís Cláudio</ForeName><Initials>LC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil. luisclaudionsilva@yahoo.com.br.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Odontologia, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil. luisclaudionsilva@yahoo.com.br.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Histochem Cell Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9506663</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0948-6143</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D037121">Plant Lectins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003921" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007249" MajorTopicYN="N">Inflammation</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014945" MajorTopicYN="N">Wound Healing</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013203" MajorTopicYN="N">Staphylococcal Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013211" MajorTopicYN="N">Staphylococcus aureus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055624" MajorTopicYN="N">Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D037121" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Lectins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Bioactive lectins</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Complications of diabetes</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cramoll</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Inflammatory response</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Wound healing</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. 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J Tissue Eng. https://doi.org/10.1177/20417314231185848</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1177/20417314231185848</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">37736245</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">10510347</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39611704</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2054-1058</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Nursing open</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Nurs Open</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Diabetes Education Program for Nursing Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e70105</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e70105</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e70105</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/nop2.70105</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="AIM" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The purpose of this study was to summarise the current state of the science on diabetes mellitus education programs for nursing students.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">A systematic review and meta-analysis.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies, published in English between 2013 and 2022, that examined diabetes education programs for nursing students were considered in the review. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist. Key information such as authors, study focus, population, sample size, details of intervention and control group treatments, outcome variables, and main findings were extracted and summarised in a data extraction form for further analyses and syntheses.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The literature search identified 464 articles, from which 13 studies were evaluated in the systematic review. Most studies (n = 12, 92.3%) used technology-based teaching methods, such as high-fidelity simulations, mobile applications, and virtual reality simulations. Regarding the evaluation of diabetes education program effectiveness, the majority of studies showed significant improvements in knowledge (n = 8, 61.5%), followed by satisfaction with learning (n = 4, 30.8%), nursing skill performance (n = 3, 23.1%), and self-confidence (n = 3, 23.1%) in nursing students. In meta-analyses, technology-based teaching interventions, compared to traditional education, showed no statistically significant improvement in diabetes knowledge (standard mean difference 9.52, 95% CI [-0.18, 19.21], p = 0.05) and self-efficacy (standard mean difference 24.09, 95% CI [-10.75, 58.92], p = 0.18). Despite this, technology-based methods demonstrated favourable effects on knowledge and self-efficacy against traditional education. Findings highlight the importance of emerging technology-based diabetes education programs tailored for nursing students, crucial for enhancing positive educational outcomes. No Patient or Public Contribution.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024 The Author(s). Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahn</LastName><ForeName>Jeong-Ah</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8293-5349</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Eun-Mi</ForeName><Initials>EM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Jung Eun</ForeName><Initials>JE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Kyoung-A</ForeName><Initials>KA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-3521-7758</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing, Suwon Women's University, Suwon, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>RS-2022-00166443</GrantID><Agency>National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Nurs Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101675107</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2054-1058</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013338" MajorTopicYN="Y">Students, Nursing</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000451" MajorTopicYN="N">nursing</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004506" MajorTopicYN="N">Education, Nursing</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">diabetes mellitus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">education</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nursing students</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">systematic review</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors declare no conflicts of interest.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>9</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2023</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>6</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39611704</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11605939</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/nop2.70105</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Allen, M. 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+<PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612437</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1536-5964</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>103</Volume><Issue>48</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Medicine (Baltimore)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Association between serum uric acid and prediabetes in a normal Chinese population: A cross-sectional study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e40544</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e40544</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e40544</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1097/MD.0000000000040544</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Cardiovascular events are frequent among individuals with prediabetes. And the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels has been supported by extensive scientific evidence. However, there remains controversy regarding the correlation between elevated SUA and prediabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between elevated SUA levels and the prevalence of prediabetes and gender differences in the association. A total of 190,891 individuals who participated in health checkups at the Health Promotion Center of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2017 to December 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. The health checkups were carried out by trained general practitioners and nurses. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes and prediabetes are defined in the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. The association between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes was examined based on logistic regression analysis. The dose-response effect between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes in both sexes was assessed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model. Among 190,891 participants, this study included 106,482 males (55.8%) and 84,409 females (44.2%). There were 46,240 (24.2%) patients with prediabetes and 20,792 (10.9%) patients with diabetes. SUA was divided into quartiles (Q). Compared to the SUA Q1 group, the prevalence of prediabetes was elevated in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 1.378, 95% CI = 1.321-1.437), but diabetes risk was decreased in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 0.690, 95% CI = 0.651-0.730). We found that SUA levels were correlated with prediabetes more significantly in male subjects (OR = 1.328, 95% CI = 1.272-1.386) than in female subjects (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.122-1.249) (P for interaction < .001). Higher SUA levels were strongly related to an elevated prevalence of prediabetes but a decreased prevalence of diabetes. The association of SUA in prediabetes was more significant in men.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shen</LastName><ForeName>Keqing</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0008-1033-4473</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Yilin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Junlu</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Liangli</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cai</LastName><ForeName>Xixuan</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pan</LastName><ForeName>Jianjiang</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Jingyi</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Lusha</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Liying</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8895-3775</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>WKJ-ZJ-2304</GrantID><Agency>Major Program Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry of China</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>268B43MJ25</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014527">Uric Acid</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011236" MajorTopicYN="Y">Prediabetic State</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014527" MajorTopicYN="Y">Uric Acid</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002681" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">China</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" 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Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2011;203:259–69.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC3110567</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21281456</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39612426</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1536-5964</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>103</Volume><Issue>48</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Medicine (Baltimore)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Exploring the link between SIRT1 gene variants and depression comorbidity in type 2 diabetes.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e40563</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e40563</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e40563</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1097/MD.0000000000040563</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study aims to (1) analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid depression and (2) explore the association between SIRT1 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism sites and this comorbidity. A total of 450 type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized in the General Medicine Department at The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from July 2022 to September 2023, and 300 healthy individuals from the physical examination department were selected as study subjects. Both groups were assessed using general information surveys and questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed to compare clinical indicators across 3 groups: individuals with only type 2 diabetes, those with comorbid depression, and healthy controls. The age, gender, disease duration, marital status, income and drug expenditure, employment status, fasting blood glucose level, fasting insulin level difference, insulin resistance index difference, glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein level, and HCY difference among the 3 groups of patients were risk factors for type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 mRNA level was significantly reduced in type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 gene had 3 sites: rs12415800, rs3758391, and rs932658, which were related to the patient's type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. They were the additive model and dominant model of rs12415800 and rs3758391, respectively. In addition, the GTGGT haplotype composed of rs12415800-rs932658-rs7895833-rs2273773-rs1467568 and the AGACT haplotype composed of rs3758391-rs932658-rs33957861-rs3818292-rs1467568 were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. Numerous factors influence the presence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes, with the SIRT1 gene playing a significant role, serving as a potential biomarker for this comorbidity.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>He</LastName><ForeName>Yingxia</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Qinqin</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yin</LastName><ForeName>Ziwei</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zeng</LastName><ForeName>Yi</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xia</LastName><ForeName>Ningyu</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhu</LastName><ForeName>Hong</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0007-8771-336</Identifier></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D064888">Observational Study</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.5.1.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C447939">SIRT1 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.5.1.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D056564">Sirtuin 1</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016022" MajorTopicYN="N">Case-Control Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002681" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">China</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015897" MajorTopicYN="N">Comorbidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003863" MajorTopicYN="Y">Depression</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020022" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020641" MajorTopicYN="Y">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056564" MajorTopicYN="Y">Sirtuin 1</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>15</Hour><Minute>43</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612426</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11608703</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1097/MD.0000000000040563</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">00005792-202411290-00051</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Farooqi A, Gillies C, Sathanapally H, et al. . 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Neurotox Res. 2022;40:670–86.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">35156173</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39612420</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1536-5964</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>103</Volume><Issue>48</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Medicine (Baltimore)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effects of genetic variants of organic cation transporters on metformin response in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e40684</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e40684</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e40684</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1097/MD.0000000000040684</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Metformin is the optimal initial therapy for patients with T2DM. Genetic factors play a vital role in metformin response, including variations in drug efficacy and potential side effects. To determine the effects of genetic variants of multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2 (MATE2), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) genes on metformin response in a cohort of Saudi patients. This prospective observational study included 76 T2DM newly diagnosed Saudi patients treated with metformin monotherapy and 80 control individuals. Demographic data, lipid profiles, creatinine levels, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were collected before and after treatment. All participants were genotyped for 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs4621031, rs34399035, rs2301759, rs1800058, and rs11212617, using TaqMan R genotyping assays. This study included 156 subjects. The subjects' mean ± SD age was 50.4 ± 10.14 years. The difference in HbA1c levels in T2DM after treatment ranged from -1.20% to 8.8%, with a mean value of 0.927 ± 1.73%. In general, 73.7% of the patients with T2DM showed an adequate response to metformin (HbA1c < 7%). STK11 (rs2301759) significantly affects the response to metformin in T2DM patients. In the rs2301759 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, the prevalence of an adequate response to metformin was significantly higher among patients with C/C and T/C genotypes than among non-responders (P = .021). However, no statistically significant associations were observed for the other tested SNPs. Our study provides evidence of an association between STK11 (rs2301759) and response to metformin in Saudi patients with T2DM. The need for targeted studies on specific gene-drug associations is emphasized, and further studies with a larger population should be conducted.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>AlKreathy</LastName><ForeName>Huda M</ForeName><Initials>HM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alzahrani</LastName><ForeName>Abdulhhakim A</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical Affairs, Al-Baha Health Cluster, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Esmat</LastName><ForeName>Ahmed</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Damanhouri</LastName><ForeName>Zoheir A</ForeName><Initials>ZA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9150-5471</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>988</GrantID><Agency>Deputyship for Research and Innovation of the Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D064888">Observational Study</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9100L32L2N</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008687">Metformin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007004">Hypoglycemic Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D017346">Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D027701">Organic Cation Transport Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006442">Glycated Hemoglobin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C109790">STK11 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C521870">SLC47A2 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.3</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000091162">AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D064007">Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.11.1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C576324">ATM protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C517652">hemoglobin A1c protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008687" MajorTopicYN="Y">Metformin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020641" MajorTopicYN="Y">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007004" MajorTopicYN="Y">Hypoglycemic Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011446" MajorTopicYN="N">Prospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017346" MajorTopicYN="Y">Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D027701" MajorTopicYN="Y">Organic Cation Transport Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006442" MajorTopicYN="Y">Glycated Hemoglobin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012529" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Saudi Arabia</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000091162" MajorTopicYN="N">AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D064007" MajorTopicYN="N">Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005838" MajorTopicYN="N">Genotype</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>15</Hour><Minute>43</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612420</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11608742</ArticleId><ArticleId 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Biomarkers have important clinical significance in the diagnosis and treatment of DN and have attracted extensive attention from researchers in recent years. The aim of this study was to visualize the field of biomarker research in DN through bibliometric analysis, to summarize the current status and predict future trends of this field, with a view to providing valuable insights for scholars and policy makers.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Literature search and data collection from Web of Science Core Collection. Calculations and visualizations were performed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix R-package, and CiteSpace.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">We identified 1274 publications about biomarker research in DN from 1995 to November 01, 2023, with a steady increase in annual publications. China, Steno Diabetes Center in Denmark, and Frontiers in Endocrinology were the most productive country, institution, and journal, respectively; Mischak, Harald was both the most productive and highly cited author, and Kidney International was the most cited journal. The high frequency keywords were "albuminuria," "chronic kidney disease" and "expression." In addition, "macrophage," "fibrosis" and "omics" are potentially promising topics.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Our study comprehensively and visually summarized the important findings of global biomarker research in DN and revealed the structure, hotspots, and evolutionary trends in this field. It would inspire subsequent studies from a macroscopic perspective and provide a basis for rational allocation of resources and identification of collaborations among researchers.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Qin</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xie</LastName><ForeName>Yafei</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zuo</LastName><ForeName>Meiying</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Fang</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0003-2442-6604</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Medicine (Baltimore)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985248R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0025-7974</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D015415">Biomarkers</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003928" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetic Nephropathies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015706" MajorTopicYN="Y">Bibliometrics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015415" MajorTopicYN="Y">Biomarkers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D035843" MajorTopicYN="N">Biomedical Research</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000639" MajorTopicYN="N">trends</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>15</Hour><Minute>43</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612398</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11608688</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1097/MD.0000000000040729</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">00005792-202411290-00023</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Gross JL, de Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP, Canani LH, Caramori ML, Zelmanovitz T. 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Asian J Surg. 2022;45:2752–4.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">35718604</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612259</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2376-1032</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>30</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Manag Care Spec Pharm</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Area deprivation index impact on type 2 diabetes outcomes in a regional health plan.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1375</StartPage><EndPage>1384</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1375-1384</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.18553/jmcp.2024.30.12.1375</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Rates of attainment of high-quality diabetes care have been shown to be lower for those living in more disadvantaged and rural areas. Diabetes management relies on access to care and is impacted by physical, social, and economic factors. Area deprivation index (ADI) is one way to quantify geographic disparities in aggregate. We aimed to investigate how ADI impacts outcomes in members with type 2 diabetes enrolled in a large, regional health plan.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">To evalute clinical and economic objectives. Clinical objectives included the percentage of members who achieved hemoglobin A1c (A1c) goal level of 7% or less, the percentage of members who received comorbidity-focused therapies, noninsulin diabetes medication adherence, and the frequency and type of health care services used. Economic outcomes included per member per month differences in total cost of care, pharmacy cost, medical cost, and diabetes-associated cost.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">This retrospective review of pharmacy and medical claims included 8,814 adult members with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes enrolled in an integrated health plan during calendar year 2021. To be included, members were required to be at least 18 years of age, reside in Pennsylvania, and have continuous enrollment for 2 years prior to type 2 diabetes diagnosis. State-level ADI data were derived for each member and applied to the Census block group on file in the administrative claims data. The study population deciles were grouped into ADI quintiles for analysis. Multivariable regression models and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the association between ADI and outcomes while controlling for confounding variables.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">There were no statistically significant differences between any ADI quintile for achievement of A1c goal or receipt of comorbidity-focused therapy. Significant differences were identified between ADI quintiles 1 (least deprived) and 5 (most deprived) for obtainment of at least 1 A1c test during calendar year 2021 (72% vs 56%, <i>P</i> < 0.01) and adherence to noninsulin diabetes medications (70% vs 62%, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Significant differences were also identified for all-cause inpatient, outpatient, and unplanned health care service utilization. The difference in per member per month all-cause total cost of care was on average $363.50 less for those living in ADI quintile 1 vs those in quintile 5 (<i>P</i> < 0.01).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Significant differences were identified between ADI quintiles 1 and 5 for noninsulin diabetes medication adherence, frequency of A1c test claims, all-cause health care service utilization, and total cost of care. There were no statistically significant differences between ADI quintiles for achievement of A1c goal or receipt of comorbidity-focused therapies.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Laffey</LastName><ForeName>Taylor N</ForeName><Initials>TN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marr</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Modany</LastName><ForeName>Ashley</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McGraw</LastName><ForeName>Molly</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mounarath</LastName><ForeName>Tavvy</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bryk</LastName><ForeName>Andrew</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Christian</LastName><ForeName>Nicholas</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Good</LastName><ForeName>Chester</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, PA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Manag Care Spec Pharm</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101644425</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2376-0540</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006442">Glycated Hemoglobin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007004">Hypoglycemic Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000191" MajorTopicYN="N">economics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006442" MajorTopicYN="N">Glycated Hemoglobin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055118" MajorTopicYN="N">Medication Adherence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010414" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pennsylvania</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007004" MajorTopicYN="N">Hypoglycemic Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000191" MajorTopicYN="N">economics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012041" MajorTopicYN="N">Regional Medical Programs</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000191" MajorTopicYN="N">economics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017048" MajorTopicYN="N">Health Care Costs</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>19</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>42</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612259</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11607216</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18553/jmcp.2024.30.12.1375</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:1289-96. doi:10.2147/COPD.S157594</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5914553</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29719384</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39612042</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1522-1709</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>29</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sleep Breath</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The association between chemosensitivity and the 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>32</StartPage><MedlinePgn>32</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">32</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s11325-024-03221-y</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="PURPOSE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with a variety of diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Chemosensitivity is an important component of the pathophysiological mechanisms of OSA, and it is not only elevated in patients with OSA but also in those with T2D. This study aimed to investigate the association between chemosensitivity and the risk of developing T2D in patients with OSA.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A total of 135 male participants with OSA and without pre-existing T2D were enrolled in this study. Peripheral chemosensitivity was evaluated using the rebreathing test. Data on demographics, polysomnographic parameters, and clinical characteristics were collected. The QDiabetes-2018 risk calculator was employed to calculate the 10-year T2D risk. The association between peripheral chemosensitivity and 10-year T2D risk was examined using multivariate logistic regression.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 64 participants had moderate-to-high 10-year risk of T2D. In the fully adjusted model, participants situated within the second and fifth quantiles of peripheral chemosensitivity levels demonstrated a higher risk of developing T2D, with OR of 4.87 (95% CI, 1.22-19.43) and 5.26 (95% CI, 1.27-21.68) respectively. However, across varying levels of peripheral chemosensitivity, no significant difference in the 10-year T2D risk was observed among different severities of OSA.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Higher peripheral chemosensitivity was associated with an increased 10-year T2D risk, as calculated using a risk calculator based on clinical variables. For outcomes that reflect a moderate-to-high 10-year risk of T2D, the severity of OSA did not significantly affect the risk, irrespective of whether patients exhibited relatively low or high chemosensitivity.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s).</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Lixia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dai</LastName><ForeName>Lu</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Xiaona</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guo</LastName><ForeName>Junwei</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Rong</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xiao</LastName><ForeName>Yi</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5315-7771</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China. xiaoyipumch@sina.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>82370052</GrantID><Agency>the National Natural Science Foundation of China</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Sleep Breath</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9804161</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1520-9512</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020181" MajorTopicYN="Y">Sleep Apnea, Obstructive</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017286" MajorTopicYN="N">Polysomnography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hypercapnic ventilatory response</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Obstructive sleep apnea</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Peripheral chemosensitivity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Type 2 diabetes</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. Ethical approval: The study was approved by the ethics committees of Peking Union Medical College (JS-3573) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Conflict of interest: Dr Xiaona Wang reports a patent for a device for measuring ventilatory control based on hypercapnic ventilatory response issued to ZL 2021 2 1127108.9. 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J Clin Sleep Med 6:244–250</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC2883035</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20572417</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39612019</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>17</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1522-1709</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>29</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sleep Breath</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The effect of physical activity on sleep quality in people with diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>23</StartPage><MedlinePgn>23</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s11325-024-03176-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">To revise and critically summarize the available scientific evidence regarding the effect of exercise on sleep quality in people with diabetes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Three electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, PEDro Database and Scopus) were searched systematically from their inception until February 2024. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database and Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After Studies with No Control Group scales.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 7 randomized controlled trials and 3 single-arm studies were included. Most of the studies included patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 8). Self-reported sleep quality (n = 9) and objective sleep status (n = 1) were the main outcomes analysed. A variety of training programs were assessed over durations ranging from 4 to 16 weeks in the studies included. Data from eleven interventions demonstrated a significant improvement in self-reported sleep quality among patients with type 2 diabetes (Hedges' g -1.45; 95% CI -2.6; -0.29, p = 0.005). However, data synthesis indicated that participants who exercised did not obtain significant improvements on their self-reported sleep quality compared to those in the control groups (Hedges' g 1.40; 95% CI -1.36; 4.18, p = 0.111).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise can be prescribed to manage self-reported sleep quality in this population, although its effects may not surpass those of usual care.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>González-Devesa</LastName><ForeName>Daniel</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-6254-6461</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Facultad de Humanidades y Educación, Universidad Católica de Ávila, C/ Canteros, Ávila, 05005, España. danidevesa4@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain. danidevesa4@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sanchez-Lastra</LastName><ForeName>Miguel Adriano</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pérez-Fernández</LastName><ForeName>Pedro</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y del Deporte, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, 36005, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Diz-Gómez</LastName><ForeName>José Carlos</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ayán-Pérez</LastName><ForeName>Carlos</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Well-Move Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Didácticas Especiáis, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Sleep Breath</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9804161</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1520-9512</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000089943" MajorTopicYN="Y">Sleep Quality</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015444" MajorTopicYN="Y">Exercise</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005081" MajorTopicYN="N">Exercise Therapy</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Exercise</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Health</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Rehabilitation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Sleep</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Training</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. Ethical approval: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Conflict of interest: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>31</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>4</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>11</Hour><Minute>16</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39612019</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1007/s11325-024-03176-0</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1007/s11325-024-03176-0</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Hazen RA, Fehr KK, Fidler A, Cousino MK, MacLeish SA, Gubitosi-Klug R (2015) Sleep disruption in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: relationships with adherence and diabetes control. 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Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 99:2187–2192. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.28.007</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.28.007</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31434390</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39611987</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1432-119X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>163</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Histochemistry and cell biology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Histochem Cell Biol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Cratylia mollis lectin reduces inflammatory burden induced by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in diabetic wounds.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>13</StartPage><MedlinePgn>13</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s00418-024-02330-9</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>In diabetes, tissue repair is impaired, increasing susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infections, a pathogen commonly found in wounds. The emergence of S. aureus strains that are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic options. One promising candidate is Cramoll (Cratylia mollis seed lectin), known for its immunomodulatory, mitogenic, and healing properties. However, its efficacy in infected diabetic wounds remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effects of topical Cramoll treatment on diabetic wounds infected by S. aureus. Diabetic Swiss mice (induced by streptozotocin) were subjected to an 8-mm wound on the back and subsequently infected with a suspension of multidrug-resistant S. aureus. During the treatment period, the wounds were clinically evaluated for inflammation and the area of injury. After seven days, samples were collected from the wounds to quantify the bacterial load and histopathological and immunological analyses. Wounds infected by S. aureus exhibited more pronounced areas and severity indices, which were significantly reduced by Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in inflammatory cells and an increase in revascularization with Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Cramoll also promoted greater collagen production compared to controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Cramoll treatment significantly reduced the S. aureus load in wounds (p < 0.0001), decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels in infected wounds, and increased ERK pathway activation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Cramoll lectin improves the healing of diabetic wounds, and these results contribute to the understanding of Cramoll healing mechanisms, reinforcing its potential as a healing agent in various clinical conditions.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dos Santos Silva</LastName><ForeName>Lucas</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dos Santos Castelo Branco</LastName><ForeName>Simeone Júlio</ForeName><Initials>SJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Silva</LastName><ForeName>Izadora Souza Soeiro</ForeName><Initials>ISS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paiva</LastName><ForeName>Miria Yasmim Miranda</ForeName><Initials>MYM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vila Nova</LastName><ForeName>Beatriz Gomes</ForeName><Initials>BG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Matos Chaves Lima</LastName><ForeName>Carlos Emanuel</ForeName><Initials>CE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Odontologia, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Oliveira</LastName><ForeName>Weslley Felix</ForeName><Initials>WF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Paiva</LastName><ForeName>Felipe Eduardo Alves</ForeName><Initials>FEA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Histologia, Embriologia e Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 74690-900, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paiva</LastName><ForeName>Patrícia Maria Guedes</ForeName><Initials>PMG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Souza Monteiro</LastName><ForeName>Andrea</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Teixeira</LastName><ForeName>Claudener Souza</ForeName><Initials>CS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Crato, Ceará, 63130-025, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cardoso</LastName><ForeName>Cléver Gomes</ForeName><Initials>CG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Histologia, Embriologia e Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 74690-900, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dos Santos Correia</LastName><ForeName>Maria Tereza</ForeName><Initials>MT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-570, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nascimento da Silva</LastName><ForeName>Luís Cláudio</ForeName><Initials>LC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil. luisclaudionsilva@yahoo.com.br.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratório de Odontologia, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, 65075-120, Brazil. luisclaudionsilva@yahoo.com.br.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Histochem Cell Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9506663</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0948-6143</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D037121">Plant Lectins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003921" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007249" MajorTopicYN="N">Inflammation</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014945" MajorTopicYN="N">Wound Healing</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013203" MajorTopicYN="N">Staphylococcal Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013211" MajorTopicYN="N">Staphylococcus aureus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055624" MajorTopicYN="N">Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D037121" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Lectins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Bioactive lectins</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Complications of diabetes</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cramoll</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Inflammatory response</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Wound healing</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. 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J Tissue Eng. https://doi.org/10.1177/20417314231185848</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1177/20417314231185848</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">37736245</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">10510347</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39611704</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>17</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2054-1058</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Nursing open</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Nurs Open</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Diabetes Education Program for Nursing Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e70105</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e70105</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e70105</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/nop2.70105</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="AIM" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The purpose of this study was to summarise the current state of the science on diabetes mellitus education programs for nursing students.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">A systematic review and meta-analysis.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies, published in English between 2013 and 2022, that examined diabetes education programs for nursing students were considered in the review. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist. Key information such as authors, study focus, population, sample size, details of intervention and control group treatments, outcome variables, and main findings were extracted and summarised in a data extraction form for further analyses and syntheses.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The literature search identified 464 articles, from which 13 studies were evaluated in the systematic review. Most studies (n = 12, 92.3%) used technology-based teaching methods, such as high-fidelity simulations, mobile applications, and virtual reality simulations. Regarding the evaluation of diabetes education program effectiveness, the majority of studies showed significant improvements in knowledge (n = 8, 61.5%), followed by satisfaction with learning (n = 4, 30.8%), nursing skill performance (n = 3, 23.1%), and self-confidence (n = 3, 23.1%) in nursing students. In meta-analyses, technology-based teaching interventions, compared to traditional education, showed no statistically significant improvement in diabetes knowledge (standard mean difference 9.52, 95% CI [-0.18, 19.21], p = 0.05) and self-efficacy (standard mean difference 24.09, 95% CI [-10.75, 58.92], p = 0.18). Despite this, technology-based methods demonstrated favourable effects on knowledge and self-efficacy against traditional education. Findings highlight the importance of emerging technology-based diabetes education programs tailored for nursing students, crucial for enhancing positive educational outcomes. No Patient or Public Contribution.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024 The Author(s). Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahn</LastName><ForeName>Jeong-Ah</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8293-5349</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Eun-Mi</ForeName><Initials>EM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Jung Eun</ForeName><Initials>JE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Kyoung-A</ForeName><Initials>KA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-3521-7758</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Nursing, Suwon Women's University, Suwon, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>RS-2022-00166443</GrantID><Agency>National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Nurs Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101675107</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2054-1058</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013338" MajorTopicYN="Y">Students, Nursing</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000451" MajorTopicYN="N">nursing</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004506" MajorTopicYN="N">Education, Nursing</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">diabetes mellitus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">education</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nursing students</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">systematic review</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors declare no conflicts of interest.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>9</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2023</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>6</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>12</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39611704</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11605939</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/nop2.70105</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Allen, M. 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However, DMDD has poor solubility and bioavailability. This study aimed to formulate DMDD-loaded nanoparticles (DMDD-NPs) using chitosan crosslinked with sodium tripolyphosphate through the ionic crosslinking method and to investigate their effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) treatment by inhibiting the development of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">DMDD-NPs were prepared by ionic crosslinking with sodium tripolyphosphate, optimizing six factors that affect nanoparticle characteristics, including particle size and zeta potential. Encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading rate (DL) were optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The structure and characteristics of DMDD-NPs, including size, EE, DL, and release rates, were analyzed. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while the migration capacity of HK-2 cells was evaluated through scratch-wound assays. The expression of EMT-related markers (E-cadherin, Vimentin, and TGF-β1) was assessed by qRT-PCR.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The optimized formulation for DMDD-NPs was CS:TPP:DMDD = 10:3:3 (w), at pH 3.5, with 1.0 mg/mL of CS and stirring at 500 rpm for 30 min. In these conditions, the nanoparticles had a particle size of 320.37 ± 2.93 nm, an EE of 85.09 ± 1.43%, and a DL of 15.88 ± 0.51%. The DMDD-NPs exhibited a spherical shape, no leakage and minimal adhesion. The optimal freeze-drying protectant was a combination of 0.025% mannitol and 0.025% lactose. The drug release followed the Higuchi model. DMDD-NPs improved HK-2 cell proliferation at lower concentrations (<24 μg/mL) and showed greater cell migration inhibition than DMDD. DMDD-NPs promoted E-cadherin expression and inhibited vimentin and TGF-β1 expression, suggesting their potential role in preventing EMT for DKD treatment.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024 Huang et al.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y" EqualContrib="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Xiao-Man</ForeName><Initials>XM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y" EqualContrib="Y"><LastName>Guo</LastName><ForeName>Yan-Xiang</ForeName><Initials>YX</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pang</LastName><ForeName>Qiu-Ling</ForeName><Initials>QL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yan</LastName><ForeName>Xiao-Yi</ForeName><Initials>XY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yan</LastName><ForeName>Hui</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Jing-Yi</ForeName><Initials>JY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tang</LastName><ForeName>Gan-Ling</ForeName><Initials>GL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Hui-Xian</ForeName><Initials>HX</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Hong-Liang</ForeName><Initials>HL</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-3878-3624</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>23</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>New Zealand</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Nanomedicine</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101263847</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1176-9114</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9012-76-4</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D048271">Chitosan</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>NU43IAG5BC</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C005692">triphosphoric acid</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004337">Drug Carriers</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D053773">Transforming Growth Factor beta1</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D011122">Polyphosphates</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003928" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetic Nephropathies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053758" MajorTopicYN="Y">Nanoparticles</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058750" MajorTopicYN="Y">Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010316" MajorTopicYN="Y">Particle Size</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002460" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Line</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002465" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Movement</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D048271" MajorTopicYN="N">Chitosan</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D065546" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Liberation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004337" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Carriers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053773" MajorTopicYN="N">Transforming Growth Factor beta1</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002470" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Survival</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011122" MajorTopicYN="N">Polyphosphates</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">DMDD</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">diabetic kidney disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">drug delivery system</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">epithelial-mesenchymal transformation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nanoparticles</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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Sci Appl. 2024;17:41–57.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC10926861</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">38469157</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39610841</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1664-2392</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>15</Volume><PubDate><Year>2024</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Frontiers in endocrinology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Predicting hypoglycemia in elderly inpatients with type 2 diabetes: the ADOCHBIU model.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1366184</StartPage><MedlinePgn>1366184</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">1366184</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fendo.2024.1366184</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Hypoglycemic episodes cause varying degrees of damage in the functional system of elderly inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of the study is to construct a nomogram prediction model for the risk of hypoglycemia in elderly inpatients with T2DM and to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">From August 2022 to April 2023, 546 elderly inpatients with T2DM were recruited in seven tertiary-level general hospitals in Beijing and Inner Mongolia province, China. Medical history and clinical data of the inpatients were collected with a self-designed questionnaire, with follow up on the occurrence of hypoglycemia within one week. Factors related to the occurrence of hypoglycemia were screened using regularized logistic analysis(r-LR), and a nomogram prediction visual model of hypoglycemia was constructed. AUROC, Hosmer-Lemeshow, and DCA were used to analyze the prediction performance of the model.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The incidence of hypoglycemia of elderly inpatients with T2DM was 41.21% (225/546). The risk prediction model included 8 predictors as follows(named ADOCHBIU): duration of diabetes (<i>OR</i>=2.276, 95%<i>CI</i> 2.097˜2.469), urinary microalbumin(<i>OR</i>=0.864, 95%<i>CI</i> 0.798˜0.935), oral hypoglycemic agents (<i>OR</i>=1.345, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.243˜1.452), cognitive impairment (<i>OR</i>=1.226, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.178˜1.276), insulin usage (<i>OR</i>=1.002, 95%<i>CI</i> 0.948˜1.060), hypertension (<i>OR</i>=1.113, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.103˜1.124), blood glucose monitoring (<i>OR</i>=1.909, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.791˜2.036), and abdominal circumference (<i>OR</i>=2.998, 95%<i>CI</i> 2.972˜3.024). The AUROC of the prediction model was 0.871, with sensitivity of 0.889 and specificity of 0.737, which indicated that the nomogram model has good discrimination. The Hosmer-Lemeshow was <i>χ</i> <sup>2</sup> = 2.147 (<i>P</i>=0.75), which meant that the prediction model is well calibrated. DCA curve is consistently higher than all the positive line and all the negative line, which indicated that the nomogram prediction model has good clinical utility.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The nomogram hypoglycemia prediction model constructed in this study had good prediction effect. It is used for early detection of high-risk individuals with hypoglycemia in elderly inpatients with T2DM, so as to take targeted measures to prevent hypoglycemia.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="TRIAL REGISTRATION" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">ChiCTR2200062277. Registered on 31 July 2022.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 Zhang, Liu, Sun, Wu, Guo, Wang, Lin, Wang and Bai.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Rui-Ting</ForeName><Initials>RT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Yu</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sun</LastName><ForeName>Chao</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nursing Department, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Quan-Ying</ForeName><Initials>QY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nursing Department, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guo</LastName><ForeName>Hong</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Gong-Ming</ForeName><Initials>GM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nursing Department, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lin</LastName><ForeName>Ke-Ke</ForeName><Initials>KK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Jing</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bai</LastName><ForeName>Xiao-Yan</ForeName><Initials>XY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>14</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101555782</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1664-2392</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001786">Blood Glucose</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007004">Hypoglycemic Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007003" MajorTopicYN="Y">Hypoglycemia</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D049451" MajorTopicYN="Y">Nomograms</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002681" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">China</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007297" MajorTopicYN="N">Inpatients</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="N">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001786" MajorTopicYN="N">Blood Glucose</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007004" MajorTopicYN="N">Hypoglycemic Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015994" MajorTopicYN="N">Incidence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018570" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Assessment</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011379" MajorTopicYN="N">Prognosis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">hypoglycemia</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">logistic model</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nomogram</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">prediction</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">type 2 diabetes</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>5</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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Hypoglycemia symptoms are reduced in hospitalized patients with diabetes. J Diabetes its Complicat. (2021) 35:107976. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107976</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107976</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC8434970</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">34364780</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39610135</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2233-6087</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>48</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Diabetes & metabolism journal</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Diabetes Metab J</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes Statistics in Korea: Nationwide Data 2010 to 2019.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1084</StartPage><EndPage>1092</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1084-1092</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4093/dmj.2024.0275</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGRUOUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">This study aimed to provide updated insights into the incidence and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Korean adults with diabetes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we analyzed the representative national estimates of CVD in adults with diabetes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The age- and sex-standardized incidence rate of ischemic heart disease (IHD), ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease (PAD) decreased from 2010 to 2019 in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, an increase in the incidence of heart failure (HF) was observed during the same period. Only 4.96% of adults with diabetes and CVD achieved optimal control of all three risk factors (glycemic levels, blood pressure, and lipid control). Additionally, high-intensity statin treatment rates were 8.84% and 9.15% in individuals with IHD and ischemic stroke, respectively. Treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) or a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) was relatively low in 2019, with only 11.87%, 7.10%, and 11.05% of individuals with IHD, ischemic stroke, and HF, respectively, receiving SGLT2i treatment. Furthermore, only 1.08%, 0.79%, and 1.06% of patients with IHD, ischemic stroke, and HF, respectively, were treated with GLP-1RA.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The incidence of most CVD (IHD, ischemic stroke, and PAD) decreased between 2010 and 2019, whereas the incidence of HF increased. The overall use of high-intensity statins, SGLT2i, and GLP-1RA remained low among individuals with T2DM and CVD.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Jin Hwa</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Junyeop</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Han</LastName><ForeName>Kyungdo</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Jae-Taek</ForeName><Initials>JT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kwon</LastName><ForeName>Hyuk-Sang</ForeName><Initials>HS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Diabetic Vascular Disease Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country><MedlineTA>Diabetes Metab J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101556588</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2233-6079</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000077203">Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056910" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Republic of Korea</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002318" MajorTopicYN="Y">Cardiovascular Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015994" MajorTopicYN="N">Incidence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009749" MajorTopicYN="N">Nutrition Surveys</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000077203" MajorTopicYN="N">Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cardiovascular diseases</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes mellitus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Epidemiology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Korea</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>9</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>1</Hour><Minute>36</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39610135</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.4093/dmj.2024.0275</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">dmj.2024.0275</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39610132</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2233-6087</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>48</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Diabetes & metabolism journal</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Diabetes Metab J</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Rate-Dependent Depression of the Hoffmann Reflex: Practical Applications in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1029</StartPage><EndPage>1046</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1029-1046</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4093/dmj.2024.0614</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Measurement of the rate-dependent depression (RDD) of the Hoffmann (H) reflex, a technique developed over half a century ago, is founded on repeated stimulation of the H-reflex with tracking of sequentially evoked H-wave amplitudes in the resulting electromyogram. RDD offers insight into the integrity of spinal reflex pathways and spinal inhibitory regulation. Initially, RDD was predominantly utilized in the mechanistic exploration and evaluation of movement disorders characterized by spasticity symptoms, as may occur following spinal cord injury. However, there is increasing recognition that sensory input from the periphery is modified at the spinal level before ascending to the higher central nervous system and that some pain states can arise from, or be exaggerated by, disruption of spinal processing via a mechanism termed spinal disinhibition. This, along with the urgent clinical need to identify biological markers of pain generator and/or amplifier sites to facilitate targeted pain therapies, has prompted interest in RDD as a biomarker for the contribution of spinal disinhibition to neuropathic pain states. Current research in animals and humans with diabetes has revealed specific disorders of spinal GABAergic function associated with impaired RDD. Future investigations on RDD aim to further elucidate its underlying pathways and enhance its clinical applications.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Han</LastName><ForeName>Lu</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Calcutt</LastName><ForeName>Nigel A</ForeName><Initials>NA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Xiajun</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country><MedlineTA>Diabetes Metab J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101556588</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2233-6079</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003929" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetic Neuropathies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006181" MajorTopicYN="Y">H-Reflex</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009437" MajorTopicYN="N">Neuralgia</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004576" MajorTopicYN="N">Electromyography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013116" MajorTopicYN="N">Spinal Cord</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic neuropathies</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Electrophysiology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">H-reflex</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Neural inhibition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Neuralgia</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>6</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>5</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>1</Hour><Minute>36</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39610132</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.4093/dmj.2024.0614</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">dmj.2024.0614</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39610131</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2233-6087</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>48</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Diabetes & metabolism journal</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Diabetes Metab J</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1015</StartPage><EndPage>1028</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1015-1028</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4093/dmj.2024.0541</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Since the role of the liver in metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, was demonstrated, studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have shown associations between fatty liver disease and other metabolic diseases. Unlike the exclusionary diagnostic criteria of NAFLD, MAFLD diagnosis is based on the presence of metabolic dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Renaming NAFLD as MAFLD also introduced simpler diagnostic criteria. In 2023, a new nomenclature, steatotic liver disease (SLD), was proposed. Similar to MAFLD, SLD diagnosis is based on the presence of hepatic steatosis with at least one cardiometabolic dysfunction. SLD is categorized into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related/-associated liver disease, alcoholrelated liver disease, specific etiology SLD, and cryptogenic SLD. The term MASLD has been adopted by a number of leading national and international societies due to its concise diagnostic criteria, exclusion of other concomitant liver diseases, and lack of stigmatizing terms. This article reviews the diagnostic criteria, clinical relevance, and differences among NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD from a diabetologist's perspective and provides a rationale for adopting SLD/MASLD in the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bae</LastName><ForeName>Jaehyun</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Han</LastName><ForeName>Eugene</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Hye Won</ForeName><Initials>HW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName><ForeName>Cheol-Young</ForeName><Initials>CY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chung</LastName><ForeName>Choon Hee</ForeName><Initials>CH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Dae Ho</ForeName><Initials>DH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cho</LastName><ForeName>Eun-Hee</ForeName><Initials>EH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rhee</LastName><ForeName>Eun-Jung</ForeName><Initials>EJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yu</LastName><ForeName>Ji Hee</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName><ForeName>Ji Hyun</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bae</LastName><ForeName>Ji-Cheol</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName><ForeName>Jung Hwan</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choi</LastName><ForeName>Kyung Mook</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Kyung-Soo</ForeName><Initials>KS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seo</LastName><ForeName>Mi Hae</ForeName><Initials>MH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Minyoung</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Nan-Hee</ForeName><Initials>NH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>So Hun</ForeName><Initials>SH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Won-Young</ForeName><Initials>WY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Woo Je</ForeName><Initials>WJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choi</LastName><ForeName>Yeon-Kyung</ForeName><Initials>YK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Yong-Ho</ForeName><Initials>YH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hwang</LastName><ForeName>You-Cheol</ForeName><Initials>YC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lyu</LastName><ForeName>Young Sang</ForeName><Initials>YS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Byung-Wan</ForeName><Initials>BW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cha</LastName><ForeName>Bong-Soo</ForeName><Initials>BS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country><MedlineTA>Diabetes Metab J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101556588</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2233-6079</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D065626" MajorTopicYN="Y">Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005234" MajorTopicYN="Y">Fatty Liver</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056910" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Republic of Korea</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes mellitus, type 2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>6</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>1</Hour><Minute>36</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39610131</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.4093/dmj.2024.0541</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">dmj.2024.0541</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609996</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1819-2718</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>36</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Season>Apr-Jun</Season></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>A NOVEL DE NOVO LIKELY PATHOGENIC VARIANT OF WFS-1 GENE IN A PAKISTANI CHILD WITH NON-CLASSIC WFS-1 SPECTRUM DISORDER.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>433</StartPage><EndPage>435</EndPage><MedlinePgn>433-435</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.55519/JAMC-02-12379</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="ABSTRACT" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Wolfram syndrome is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by an alteration in the WFS-1 gene, located on chromosome 4p16.1 and is characterized by the acronym DIDMOAD (Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy, and Deafness). WFS-1 gene encodes for a transmembrane protein termed Wolframin found in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Although Wolfram Syndrome is generally considered an autosomal recessive disorder, a milder non-classic autosomal dominant form has been reported in association with a single pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in WFS-1 gene. Objective was to date more than 200 variants have been identified in the WFS-1 gene. This case report aims to highlight and explain a novel de-novo likely pathogenic variant of the WFS-1 gene in a Pakistani child, which is highly plausible to induce non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder (MedGen UID: 481988).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CASE DISCUSSION" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Our patient, a seven-year-old boy, initially sought medical attention at our endocrine clinic for diabetic control. Besides diabetes, other notable features included short stature, sensorineural deafness and a history of bilateral cataracts. Family history was significant for parental consanguinity. A clinical diagnosis of Wolfram Syndrome was suspected and a multi gene panel test which included the WFS-1 gene was ordered. Initial report noted a variant of uncertain significance in the WFS-1 gene at c.2586G>T (p.Lys862Asn), which was later reclassified as a likely pathogenic variant by the laboratory based on the patient's clinical presentation.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Access to genetic testing is not readily available in Pakistan and our population is under studied and these complex diagnoses are often missed. In this study, we present a novel de novo likely pathogenic variant in the WFS-1 gene that causes non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder in a child from our population.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hanif</LastName><ForeName>Misbah Iqbal</ForeName><Initials>MI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sindh Institute of Child Health and Neonatology, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahmed</LastName><ForeName>Hamza</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dow International Medical College, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ibrahim</LastName><ForeName>Mohsina Noor</ForeName><Initials>MN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Child Health, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Raza</LastName><ForeName>Syed Jamal</ForeName><Initials>SJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sindh Institute of Child Health and Neonatology, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahmed</LastName><ForeName>Syed Ajaz</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Kaiser Permanente, Riverside, CA-USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D002363">Case Reports</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Pakistan</Country><MedlineTA>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8910750</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1025-9589</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C114987">wolframin protein</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008565">Membrane Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008565" MajorTopicYN="Y">Membrane Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014929" MajorTopicYN="Y">Wolfram Syndrome</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010154" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pakistan</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">WFS-1; Non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder; Pakistan</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>13</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609996</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.55519/JAMC-02-12379</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">12379/3757</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609972</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1819-2718</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>36</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Season>Apr-Jun</Season></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>SELF-REPORTED MULTI-MORBIDITY WITH TUBERCULOSIS: DATA FROM THE KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA INTEGRATED POPULATION HEALTH SURVEY (KPIPHS) IN PAKISTAN.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>316</StartPage><EndPage>322</EndPage><MedlinePgn>316-322</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.55519/JAMC-02-12677</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">With the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a country that is already facing high tuberculosis (TB) burden, TB multi-morbidity is likely to pose a significant public health challenge in Pakistan. Data were analysed to determine the prevalence of TB and explore the distribution and determinants of multi-morbidity associated with TB in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa -a province of Pakistan.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">This is a secondary analysis of data gathered as part of the KPIPHS survey conducted in 2016-17 in both the rural and urban areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, from adults, on demographics, education and socioeconomic status, physical and mental health, reproductive health, child health, health-related quality of life, and self-reported cardiometabolic diseases including Diabetes, hypertension, renal disorders, cardiac failure, angina, and stroke.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 20,715 participants were recruited in the survey including 52.8% (n=10,943) males and 47.2% (n=9,772) females with a mean age of 41 (13.1) years. Data on TB status was available for a total of 14452 participants. The prevalence of TB in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was found to be 0.49% (n=72) including an almost equal number of males and females [48% (n=34) vs 51% (n=36)], respectively. The mean age of the patients with TB was 47.5 (11.6) years. A higher proportion of people with TB had cardiometabolic diseases compared to people without TB (45.9% vs. 30.9%). Amongst the cardiometabolic disorders, self-reported hypertension (OR: 1.81, 95% CI 1.08-3.02, p=0.02), Diabetes (OR: 3.99, 95% CI 1.95-8.18, p=<0.002), and angina (OR: 3.88 95% CI 1.20-12.49, p=0.02) were positively associated with the occurrence of TB. In the adjusted analysis, only self-reported Diabetes was positively associated with the occurrence of TB (OR: 3.33, 95% CI 1.61-6.88, p=0.001).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">There is a higher burden of self-reported cardiometabolic diseases among people with TB, suggesting that this high-risk group should be screened for cardiometabolic diseases, especially Diabetes.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Zia ul Haq</CollectiveName><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, KMU Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Afaq</LastName><ForeName>Saima</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, KMU Peshawar-Pakistan Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York-United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khattak</LastName><ForeName>Farhad Ali</ForeName><Initials>FA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hussain</LastName><ForeName>Sana</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Gandhara University, Peshawa-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fazid</LastName><ForeName>Sheraz</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, KMU Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rahim</LastName><ForeName>Abid</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Haroon</LastName><ForeName>Muhammad Zeeshan</ForeName><Initials>MZ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Community Medicine, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Siddiqi</LastName><ForeName>Kamran</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hull York Medical School, University of York, York-United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Pakistan</Country><MedlineTA>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8910750</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1025-9589</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010154" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pakistan</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014376" MajorTopicYN="Y">Tuberculosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057566" MajorTopicYN="Y">Self Report</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006306" MajorTopicYN="Y">Health Surveys</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000076322" MajorTopicYN="N">Multimorbidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cardiometabolic; South Asia; Low- and middle-income countries; TB-Diabetes comorbidity</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>13</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609972</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.55519/JAMC-02-12677</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">12677/3733</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39609829</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1472-6823</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>24</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC endocrine disorders</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Endocr Disord</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Cognitive changes in people with diabetes with lower extremity complications compared to people with diabetes without lower extremity complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>258</StartPage><MedlinePgn>258</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">258</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12902-024-01774-3</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Recent evidence suggests that diabetes-related lower-extremity complications (DRLECs) may be associated with cognitive changes in people with diabetes. However, existing literature has produced inconsistent findings, and no systematic reviews have been conducted to investigate whether DRLECs impact the cognition of people with diabetes. This systematic review evaluated existing studies that investigated cognition in people with diabetes with DRLECs and without DRLECs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHOD" NlmCategory="METHODS">Seven databases; MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched from inception until 22/8/2022 for studies that compared cognition in people with diabetes with and without DRLECs. Results were independently screened for eligibility and assessed for methodological quality by two authors, with key data extracted. Studies were eligible for meta-analysis if the studies reported similar cases, controls, and outcome measures.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Thirteen studies were included in the review, with eleven of medium methodological quality, one of high quality, and one of low quality. Four studies found significant differences in cognition between those with and without DRLECs, four found significant associations between diabetes-related lower-extremity complications and cognition, and five found no differences or associations. One small meta-analysis of eligible studies found that there was no statistically significant difference in cognition in people without, compared to with, peripheral neuropathy (Mean difference = -0.49; 95%CI: -1.59-0.61; N = 3; n = 215). Leave-one-out sensitivity analyses further confirmed that there was no significant difference in cognition among people with and without peripheral neuropathy (p > 0.05).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">DRLECs may be related to cognition in people with diabetes, however, existing evidence is unclear due to variability in used methodologies that may challenge concluding the findings. Future high-quality studies investigating cognition among people with and without DRLECs are needed.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s).</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Karunathilaka</LastName><ForeName>Nimantha</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. nimantha.durage@hdr.qut.edu.au.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka. nimantha.durage@hdr.qut.edu.au.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. nimantha.durage@hdr.qut.edu.au.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Parker</LastName><ForeName>Christina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lazzarini</LastName><ForeName>Peter A</ForeName><Initials>PA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Allied Health Research Collaborative, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Pamela</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Joondalup Health Campus, Ramsay Healthcare, Perth, WA, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Katsanos</LastName><ForeName>Chloe</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Podiatry Department, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>MacAndrew</LastName><ForeName>Margaret</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Finlayson</LastName><ForeName>Kathleen</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>QUT Postgraduate Research Award and QUT Higher Degree Research tuition fee scholarships.</GrantID><Agency>Queensland University of Technology</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Endocr Disord</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101088676</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1472-6823</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D035002" MajorTopicYN="Y">Lower Extremity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D048909" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Complications</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003071" MajorTopicYN="N">Cognition</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060825" MajorTopicYN="N">Cognitive Dysfunction</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="N">etiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003929" MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic Neuropathies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="N">etiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cognition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes complications</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes mellitus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic foot</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Meta-analysis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Systematic review</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not necessary. Consent for publication: Not applicable. 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The association between non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and mental illness is firmly established globally, however, this connection has yet to be comprehensively explored in West Africa. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aim to synthesise existing evidence on the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for comorbid mental illness with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes in West Africa. This effort seeks to contribute to bridging the knowledge gap and facilitating the implementation of interventions tailored to this context.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS AND ANALYSIS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A comprehensive search will be conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Carin Info and CINAHL), supplemented by searches on the websites of the WHO and various countries' ministries of health, and references cited in relevant papers. Inclusion criteria specify studies conducted in countries from the Economic Community of West African States, reported from January 2000 until date of search, focusing on adults with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes and mental illness. Exclusion criteria encompass studies outside the specified time frame, involving pregnant women, or lacking relevant outcomes. There will be no language restrictions for inclusion. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be carried out independently by at least two reviewers. We will employ pooled proportions of OR, risk ratio and mean differences to assess prevalence, and incidence of mental illness and heterogeneity will be assessed.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">This protocol does not require ethical approval; however, it is a part of a larger study on NCDs, which has received ethical clearance from the Ghana Health Service (ID NO: GHS-ERC 013/02/23). The results will be presented to stakeholders (policymakers and practitioners) and disseminated through conferences and peer-reviewed publications.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">CRD42023450732.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ayiku</LastName><ForeName>Roberta Naa Barkey</ForeName><Initials>RNB</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0009-8076-6092</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>STOP NCD PROJECT, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana robbieayiku@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jahan</LastName><ForeName>Yasmin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adjei-Banuah</LastName><ForeName>Nhyira Yaw</ForeName><Initials>NY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>STOP NCD PROJECT, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Antwi</LastName><ForeName>Edward</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Awini</LastName><ForeName>Elizabeth</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dodowa Health Research Center, Ghana Health Service Research and Development Division, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ohene</LastName><ForeName>Sammy</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Agyepong</LastName><ForeName>Irene Akua</ForeName><Initials>IA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-0193-5882</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Faculty, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dodowa Health Research Center, Ghana Health Service Research and Development Division, Dodowa, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mirzoev</LastName><ForeName>Tolib</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-2959-9187</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amoakoh-Coleman</LastName><ForeName>Mary</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Ghana Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101552874</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2044-6055</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000078202" MajorTopicYN="Y">Systematic Reviews as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006973" MajorTopicYN="Y">Hypertension</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001523" MajorTopicYN="Y">Mental Disorders</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015994" MajorTopicYN="N">Incidence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000354" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Africa, Western</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015897" MajorTopicYN="Y">Comorbidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012107" MajorTopicYN="N">Research Design</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015201" MajorTopicYN="N">Meta-Analysis as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Health policy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hypertension</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">MENTAL HEALTH</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Competing interests: None declared.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>20</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>25</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609030</ArticleId><ArticleId 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University of Ottawa; 2014.</Citation></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609024</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2044-6055</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>11</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ open</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ Open</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Association of overweight and obesity with gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a case-control study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e082539</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e082539</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e082539</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082539</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are becoming major public health concerns in developing countries. Understanding their relationship can help in developing contextually appropriate and targeted prevention strategies and interventions to improve maternal and infant health outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association of maternal overweight and obesity with GDM among pregnant women in Ethiopia.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">Case-control study.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="SETTING" NlmCategory="METHODS">The study was conducted in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 10 March to 30 July 2020.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PARTICIPANTS" NlmCategory="METHODS">159 pregnant women with GDM (cases) and 477 pregnant women without GDM (controls).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OUTCOME MEASURES AND DATA ANALYSIS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Screening and diagnosis of GDM in pregnant women was done by a physician using the 2013 WHO criteria of 1-hour plasma glucose level of 10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) or 2-hour plasma glucose level of 8.5-11.0 mmol/L (153-199 mg/dL) following a 75 g oral glucose load. Overweight and obesity were measured using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Binary logistic regression with bivariate and multivariable models was done to measure the association of overweight and obesity with GDM. Adjusted ORs (AORs) with a 95% CI were computed, and statistical significance was determined at a value of p=0.05.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">GDM was associated with obesity (MUAC≥31) (AOR 2.80; 95% CI 1.58 to 4.90), previous history of caesarean section (AOR 1.91; 95% CI 1.14 to 3.21) and inadequate Minimum Dietary Diversification Score <5 (AOR 3.55; 95% CI 2.15 to 5.86). The AOR for overweight (MUAC≥28 and MUAC<31) was 1.51 (95% CI 0.71 to 3.21). The odds of developing GDM were 72% lower in pregnant women who were engaging in high-level physical activity (AOR 0.28; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.67).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Obesity, but not overweight, was significantly associated with the development of GDM. Screening for GDM is recommended for pregnant women with obesity (MUAC≥31) for targeted intervention. Antenatal care providers should provide information for women of childbearing age on maintaining a healthy body weight before and in-between pregnancies and the need for healthy, diversified food and high-level physical activity.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seifu</LastName><ForeName>Yeabsra Mesfin</ForeName><Initials>YM</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9630-8215</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia yeabsramesfin@yahoo.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Deyessa</LastName><ForeName>Negussie</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seid Yimer</LastName><ForeName>Yimer</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101552874</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2044-6055</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016640" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes, Gestational</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011247" MajorTopicYN="N">Pregnancy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005002" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Ethiopia</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016022" MajorTopicYN="N">Case-Control Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011295" MajorTopicYN="Y">Prenatal Care</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050177" MajorTopicYN="Y">Overweight</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009765" MajorTopicYN="N">Obesity</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016015" MajorTopicYN="N">Logistic Models</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes & endocrinology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes in pregnancy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Maternal medicine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Obesity</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Competing interests: None declared.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>25</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609024</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11603813</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082539</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">bmjopen-2023-082539</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>WHO recommendation on the diagnosis of gestational diabetes in pregnancy. 2018. http://www.who.int/diabetes/publications/Hyperglycaemia_In_Pregnancy/en/ Available.</Citation></Reference><Reference><Citation>Hildén K. 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J Nutr Metab. 2013;2013:285948. doi: 10.1155/2013/285948.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1155/2013/285948</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC3649306</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23691290</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609009</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2044-6055</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>11</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ open</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ Open</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Implementation strategies for providing optimised tuberculosis and diabetes integrated care in LMICs (POTENTIAL): protocol for a multiphase sequential and concurrent mixed-methods study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e093747</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e093747</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e093747</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093747</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Almost a quarter of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in Pakistan may also have diabetes, with an additional quarter in a pre-diabetic state. Diabetes is a risk factor for TB. When it co-occurs with TB, it leads to poorer outcomes for both conditions, considerably increasing the burden on individuals, families and the healthcare system. We aim to improve health, quality of life and economic outcomes for people with TB and diabetes by optimising diabetes prevention, screening and management within TB care. The objectives of this study are to: (1) design an integrated optimised tuberculosis-diabetes care package (Opt-TBD) and its implementation strategies; (2) pilot and refine these implementation strategies and (3) implement and evaluate the Opt-TBD care package in 15 TB care facilities in Pakistan.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS AND ANALYSIS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We will work with the TB programme across two provinces of Pakistan: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. TB care facilities will be selected from urban and rural settings of these provinces and will include three levels: primary, secondary and tertiary care settings. This multiphase mixed-method study has three sequential phases. Once ready, the care package and its implementation strategies will be piloted to inform further refinement. The package will be implemented in 15 urban and rural TB care facilities and evaluated for its Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance, and potential for scale-up. Quantitative data will assess provider adoption and the package's accessibility and effectiveness for patients with TB and with diabetes and pre-diabetes. Qualitative data will explore barriers and facilitators for successful implementation and scale-up. Data will be analysed using statistical methods-including descriptive and inferential statistics-for quantitative data and framework analysis for qualitative data, with triangulation to integrate findings.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Ethics approval was granted by the National Bioethics Committee of Pakistan (NBCR-1010). Findings will be shared through academic publications, conferences and public outreach.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Afaq</LastName><ForeName>Saima</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9080-2220</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK saima.afaq@york.ac.uk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Imperial College London, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zala</LastName><ForeName>Zala</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aleem</LastName><ForeName>Saima</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1892-3834</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qazi</LastName><ForeName>Fatima Khalid</ForeName><Initials>FK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jamal</LastName><ForeName>Syeda Fatima</ForeName><Initials>SF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khan</LastName><ForeName>Zohaib</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1885-8254</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sarfraz</LastName><ForeName>Mariyam</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Niazi</LastName><ForeName>Asima Khan</ForeName><Initials>AK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Safdar</LastName><ForeName>Nauman</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Freelance Researcher, Islamabad, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Basit</LastName><ForeName>Abdul</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8041-3360</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ul-Haq</LastName><ForeName>Zia</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Iqbal</LastName><ForeName>Romaina</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-5364-4366</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fatima</LastName><ForeName>Razia</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Common Management Unit AIDS, TB and Malaria, Islamabad, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hewitt</LastName><ForeName>Catherine</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Siddiqi</LastName><ForeName>Najma</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1794-2152</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Parrott</LastName><ForeName>Steve</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Siddiqi</LastName><ForeName>Kamran</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1529-7778</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101552874</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2044-6055</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010154" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pakistan</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014376" MajorTopicYN="Y">Tuberculosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019033" MajorTopicYN="Y">Delivery of Health Care, Integrated</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000458" MajorTopicYN="N">organization & administration</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003906" MajorTopicYN="N">Developing Countries</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011788" MajorTopicYN="N">Quality of Life</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012107" MajorTopicYN="N">Research Design</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Implementation Science</Keyword><Keyword 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BMC Public Health. 2019;19:803. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7131-4.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1186/s12889-019-7131-4</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC6591988</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31234804</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39608964</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2530-0180</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>71</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Endocrinologia, diabetes y nutricion</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Predictive value of circulating miR-409-3p for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>372</StartPage><EndPage>379</EndPage><MedlinePgn>372-379</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.endien.2024.11.002</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2530-0180(24)00108-2</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To investigate the serum levels of miR-409-3p in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its effect on high glucose (HG)-induced myocardial cell injury.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A total of 250 patients with T2DM admitted to our hospital from April 2020 through April 2022 were enrolled as the study subjects, and then grouped into T2DM+CHD (group #1) and T2DM (group #2). Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the levels of serum miR-409-3p. The clinical performance of miR-409-3p was evaluated. The human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with HG. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to explore the potential mechanism of miR-409-3p in T2DM complicated with CHD.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The expression level of miR-409-3p was increased in the T2DM+CHD group and had a relative high diagnostic value for distinguishing patients with T2DM+CHD from patients with T2DM alone. Correlation analysis showed that serum miR-409-3p was positively associated with the Gensini score and adverse cardiovascular events; miR-409-3p knockdown alleviated HG-induced AC16 cell damage and reduced cell apoptosis. CREB1, BCL2, and SMAD2 were the top 3 hub genes of miR-409-3p.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Serum miR-409-3p may serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for predicting T2DM complicated with CHD and forecast adverse events. Targeting miR-409-3p may be a novel therapeutic strategy to intervene in the development of T2DM+CHD.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 SEEN and SED. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cao</LastName><ForeName>Liang</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Endocrinology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine East Hospital, Qinhuangdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qinhuangdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pan</LastName><ForeName>Xiangrong</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Four of Recuperation, Second Sanatorium of Qingdao Special Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Ying</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Suzhou National New&high-tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jia</LastName><ForeName>Wei</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, BenQ Medical Center, Suzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Jiayang</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Suzhou National New&high-tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Jian</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Suzhou National New&high-tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China. Electronic address: drliujian_1982@163.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Spain</Country><MedlineTA>Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101717565</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2530-0180</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D035683">MicroRNAs</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C572367">MIRN409 microRNA, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D035683" MajorTopicYN="Y">MicroRNAs</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003327" MajorTopicYN="Y">Coronary Disease</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017209" MajorTopicYN="N">Apoptosis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011237" MajorTopicYN="N">Predictive Value of Tests</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032383" MajorTopicYN="N">Myocytes, Cardiac</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">CC</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">CHD</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">DMT2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Función</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Function</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Prognosis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pronóstico</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">T2DM</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">miR-409-3p</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>21</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>9</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>24</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39608964</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.endien.2024.11.002</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2530-0180(24)00108-2</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39608963</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>05</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2213-8595</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Time to reframe the disease staging system for type 1 diabetes.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>924</StartPage><EndPage>933</EndPage><MedlinePgn>924-933</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>In 2015, introduction of a disease staging system offered a framework for benchmarking progression to clinical type 1 diabetes. This model, based on islet autoantibodies (stage 1) and dysglycaemia (stage 2) before type 1 diabetes diagnosis (stage 3), has facilitated screening and identification of people at risk. Yet, there are many limitations to this model as the stages combine a very heterogeneous group of individuals; do not have high specificity for type 1 diabetes; can occur without persistence (ie, reversion to an earlier risk stage); and exclude age and other influential risk factors. The current staging system also infers that individuals at risk of type 1 diabetes progress linearly from stage 1 to stage 2 and subsequently stage 3, whereas such movements are often more complex. With the approval of teplizumab by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2022 to delay type 1 diabetes in people at stage 2, there is a need to refine the definition and accuracy of type 1 diabetes staging. Theoretically, we propose that a type 1 diabetes risk calculator should incorporate any available demographic, genetic, autoantibody, metabolic, and immune data that could be continuously updated. Additionally, we call to action for the field to increase the breadth of knowledge regarding type 1 diabetes risk in non-relatives, adults, and individuals from minority populations.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jacobsen</LastName><ForeName>Laura M</ForeName><Initials>LM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Electronic address: lauraj@ufl.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Atkinson</LastName><ForeName>Mark A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sosenko</LastName><ForeName>Jay M</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gitelman</LastName><ForeName>Stephen E</ForeName><Initials>SE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101618821</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2213-8587</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001323">Autoantibodies</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003922" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018450" MajorTopicYN="Y">Disease Progression</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001323" MajorTopicYN="N">Autoantibodies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>Declaration of interests No support was provided for this work. LMJ has received grant funding from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH); and participated in an advisory board for Insulet and a data and safety monitoring board (DSMB) for a trial funded by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. MAA has consulted for Abeta, ActoBio Therapeutics, CodeBio, Diamyd Medical, Endsulin, ForkHead Biotherapeutics, Inspira Therapeutics, Janssen, Nirmindas, Provention Bio, Quell, Repitoire, and Novo Nordisk; has spoken for Provention Bio, Sanofi, and Vertex; participated in a DSMB for IMCYSE; has a fiduciary role in Diamyd Medical; and owns shares in Diamyd Medical, Endsulin, and IM Therapeutics. JMS declares no competing interests. SEG has received grant funding from the NIH, Provention Bio, Sanofi, and IntrexonT1D Partners; has served on advisory boards for Abata, Avotres, Genentech, GentiBio, Provention Bio, SAB Biotherapeutics, Sana Biotechnology, and Sanofi; has participated in a DSMB for Diamyd, INNODIA, and JDRF trials; and owns shares in SAB Biotherapeutics.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2024</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>20</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>19</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39608963</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39608858</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2052-4897</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>28</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ open diabetes research & care</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effects of concurrent aerobic and strength training in patients with type 2 diabetes: Bayesian pairwise and dose-response meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e004400</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004400</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study aimed to investigate the effects of concurrent aerobic and strength training (CT) in patients with type 2 diabetes and determine the most effective dose of CT. From the inception of the databases to March 2024, we conducted a systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CT intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Two independent authors assessed the risk of bias of the study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tools. Results analyzed included glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), body mass index, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and VO<sub>2</sub>max. Pairwise and dose-response meta-analyses using Bayesian hierarchical random-effects modeling were performed to analyze the effects of CT in patients with type 2 diabetes. From the inception of the databases to March 2024, we conducted a systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CT intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Two independent authors assessed the risk of bias of the study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tools. Results analyzed included glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), body mass index, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and VO<sub>2</sub>max. Pairwise and dose-response meta-analyses using Bayesian hierarchical random-effects modeling were performed to analyze the effects of CT in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 1948 participants (935 males) were included in 23 RCTs. The male/female ratio of participants was 52/48; the mean age range was 50-65 years. The results show that CT significantly reduced HbA1c levels (MD=-0.48%, 95% CrI: -0.55 to -0.40), with some heterogeneity among different levels (SD=0.31, 95% CrI: 0.17 to 0.51), and the model converged well. Similarly, FBG levels were also significantly improved (MD=-0.48 mmol/L, 95% CrI: -0.55 to -0.40), with greater heterogeneity (SD=17.73, 95% CrI: 11.23 to 28.09). Additionally, we found a non-linear dose-response relationship between CT and HbA1c levels, with an optimal dose of 1030 METs-min/week (MD=-0.47%, 95% CrI: -0.68 to -0.26, SE=0.11). CT significantly improves several health indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes. A non-linear dose-response relationship was observed between the training dose of CT and HbA1c, and it is recommended that 270 min of moderate-intensity CT or 160 min of vigorous-intensity CT be performed weekly.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024547119.<b>Keywords:</b> meta-analysis; concurrent aerobic and strength training.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xue</LastName><ForeName>Han</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0008-1911-2674</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zou</LastName><ForeName>Yuehui</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nantong University, Nantong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Shijie</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nantong University, Nantong, China 1916551441@qq.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101641391</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2052-4897</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006442">Glycated Hemoglobin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001786">Blood Glucose</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C517652">hemoglobin A1c protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001499" MajorTopicYN="Y">Bayes Theorem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015444" MajorTopicYN="Y">Exercise</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055070" MajorTopicYN="Y">Resistance Training</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006442" MajorTopicYN="N">Glycated Hemoglobin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001786" MajorTopicYN="N">Blood Glucose</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015992" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Mass Index</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016032" MajorTopicYN="N">Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Exercise</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Training</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Type 2 Diabetes</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Competing interests: None declared.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>4</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>14</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39608858</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11603704</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004400</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">12/6/e004400</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, et al. 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(2021) 35:107976. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107976</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107976</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC8434970</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">34364780</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39610135</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2233-6087</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>48</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Diabetes & metabolism journal</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Diabetes Metab J</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes Statistics in Korea: Nationwide Data 2010 to 2019.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1084</StartPage><EndPage>1092</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1084-1092</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4093/dmj.2024.0275</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGRUOUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">This study aimed to provide updated insights into the incidence and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Korean adults with diabetes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we analyzed the representative national estimates of CVD in adults with diabetes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The age- and sex-standardized incidence rate of ischemic heart disease (IHD), ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease (PAD) decreased from 2010 to 2019 in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, an increase in the incidence of heart failure (HF) was observed during the same period. Only 4.96% of adults with diabetes and CVD achieved optimal control of all three risk factors (glycemic levels, blood pressure, and lipid control). Additionally, high-intensity statin treatment rates were 8.84% and 9.15% in individuals with IHD and ischemic stroke, respectively. Treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) or a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) was relatively low in 2019, with only 11.87%, 7.10%, and 11.05% of individuals with IHD, ischemic stroke, and HF, respectively, receiving SGLT2i treatment. Furthermore, only 1.08%, 0.79%, and 1.06% of patients with IHD, ischemic stroke, and HF, respectively, were treated with GLP-1RA.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The incidence of most CVD (IHD, ischemic stroke, and PAD) decreased between 2010 and 2019, whereas the incidence of HF increased. The overall use of high-intensity statins, SGLT2i, and GLP-1RA remained low among individuals with T2DM and CVD.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Jin Hwa</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Junyeop</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Han</LastName><ForeName>Kyungdo</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Jae-Taek</ForeName><Initials>JT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kwon</LastName><ForeName>Hyuk-Sang</ForeName><Initials>HS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Diabetic Vascular Disease Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country><MedlineTA>Diabetes Metab J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101556588</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2233-6079</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000077203">Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056910" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Republic of Korea</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002318" MajorTopicYN="Y">Cardiovascular Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015994" MajorTopicYN="N">Incidence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009749" MajorTopicYN="N">Nutrition Surveys</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000077203" MajorTopicYN="N">Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cardiovascular diseases</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes mellitus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Epidemiology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Korea</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>
+<b>CONFLICTS OF INTEREST</b>
+. Hyuk-Sang Kwon has been editor-in-chief of the <i>Diabetes & Metabolism Journal</i> since 2024. He was not involved in the review process of this article. 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Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44:489–97.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7453978</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32856800</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39610132</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2233-6087</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>48</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Diabetes & metabolism journal</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Diabetes Metab J</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Rate-Dependent Depression of the Hoffmann Reflex: Practical Applications in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1029</StartPage><EndPage>1046</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1029-1046</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4093/dmj.2024.0614</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Measurement of the rate-dependent depression (RDD) of the Hoffmann (H) reflex, a technique developed over half a century ago, is founded on repeated stimulation of the H-reflex with tracking of sequentially evoked H-wave amplitudes in the resulting electromyogram. RDD offers insight into the integrity of spinal reflex pathways and spinal inhibitory regulation. Initially, RDD was predominantly utilized in the mechanistic exploration and evaluation of movement disorders characterized by spasticity symptoms, as may occur following spinal cord injury. However, there is increasing recognition that sensory input from the periphery is modified at the spinal level before ascending to the higher central nervous system and that some pain states can arise from, or be exaggerated by, disruption of spinal processing via a mechanism termed spinal disinhibition. This, along with the urgent clinical need to identify biological markers of pain generator and/or amplifier sites to facilitate targeted pain therapies, has prompted interest in RDD as a biomarker for the contribution of spinal disinhibition to neuropathic pain states. Current research in animals and humans with diabetes has revealed specific disorders of spinal GABAergic function associated with impaired RDD. Future investigations on RDD aim to further elucidate its underlying pathways and enhance its clinical applications.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Han</LastName><ForeName>Lu</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Calcutt</LastName><ForeName>Nigel A</ForeName><Initials>NA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Xiajun</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country><MedlineTA>Diabetes Metab J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101556588</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2233-6079</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003929" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetic Neuropathies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006181" MajorTopicYN="Y">H-Reflex</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009437" MajorTopicYN="N">Neuralgia</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004576" MajorTopicYN="N">Electromyography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013116" MajorTopicYN="N">Spinal Cord</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic neuropathies</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Electrophysiology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">H-reflex</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Neural inhibition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Neuralgia</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>
+<b>CONFLICTS OF INTEREST</b>
+. Nigel A. Calcutt has been international editorial board member of the <i>Diabetes & Metabolism Journal</i> since 2024. He was not involved in the review process of this article. 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Neurology. 2002;59:1694–700.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12473754</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39610131</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2233-6087</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>48</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Diabetes & metabolism journal</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Diabetes Metab J</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1015</StartPage><EndPage>1028</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1015-1028</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4093/dmj.2024.0541</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Since the role of the liver in metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, was demonstrated, studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have shown associations between fatty liver disease and other metabolic diseases. Unlike the exclusionary diagnostic criteria of NAFLD, MAFLD diagnosis is based on the presence of metabolic dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Renaming NAFLD as MAFLD also introduced simpler diagnostic criteria. In 2023, a new nomenclature, steatotic liver disease (SLD), was proposed. Similar to MAFLD, SLD diagnosis is based on the presence of hepatic steatosis with at least one cardiometabolic dysfunction. SLD is categorized into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related/-associated liver disease, alcoholrelated liver disease, specific etiology SLD, and cryptogenic SLD. The term MASLD has been adopted by a number of leading national and international societies due to its concise diagnostic criteria, exclusion of other concomitant liver diseases, and lack of stigmatizing terms. This article reviews the diagnostic criteria, clinical relevance, and differences among NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD from a diabetologist's perspective and provides a rationale for adopting SLD/MASLD in the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bae</LastName><ForeName>Jaehyun</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Han</LastName><ForeName>Eugene</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Hye Won</ForeName><Initials>HW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName><ForeName>Cheol-Young</ForeName><Initials>CY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chung</LastName><ForeName>Choon Hee</ForeName><Initials>CH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Dae Ho</ForeName><Initials>DH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cho</LastName><ForeName>Eun-Hee</ForeName><Initials>EH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rhee</LastName><ForeName>Eun-Jung</ForeName><Initials>EJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yu</LastName><ForeName>Ji Hee</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName><ForeName>Ji Hyun</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bae</LastName><ForeName>Ji-Cheol</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName><ForeName>Jung Hwan</ForeName><Initials>JH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choi</LastName><ForeName>Kyung Mook</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Kyung-Soo</ForeName><Initials>KS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seo</LastName><ForeName>Mi Hae</ForeName><Initials>MH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Minyoung</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Nan-Hee</ForeName><Initials>NH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>So Hun</ForeName><Initials>SH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Won-Young</ForeName><Initials>WY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Woo Je</ForeName><Initials>WJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choi</LastName><ForeName>Yeon-Kyung</ForeName><Initials>YK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Yong-Ho</ForeName><Initials>YH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hwang</LastName><ForeName>You-Cheol</ForeName><Initials>YC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lyu</LastName><ForeName>Young Sang</ForeName><Initials>YS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Byung-Wan</ForeName><Initials>BW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cha</LastName><ForeName>Bong-Soo</ForeName><Initials>BS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country><MedlineTA>Diabetes Metab J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101556588</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2233-6079</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D065626" MajorTopicYN="Y">Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005234" MajorTopicYN="Y">Fatty Liver</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056910" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Republic of Korea</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes mellitus, type 2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>
+<b>CONFLICTS OF INTEREST</b>
+. Kyung Mook Choi has been honorary editors of the <i>Diabetes & Metabolism Journal</i> since 2022. Kyung-Soo Kim has been associate editors of the <i>Diabetes & Metabolism Journal</i> since 2024. They were not involved in the review process of this article. Otherwise, there was no conflict of interest.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>6</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>1</Hour><Minute>36</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39610131</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11621661</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.4093/dmj.2024.0541</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">dmj.2024.0541</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Eslam M, Sanyal AJ, George J, International Consensus Panel MAFLD: a consensus-driven proposed nomenclature for metabolic associated fatty liver disease. 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These wounds are challenging to heal, and despite the different treatments available to improve healing, there is still a high rate of failure and relapse, often necessitating amputation. Chronic diabetic ulcers do not follow an orderly progression through the wound healing process and are associated with a persistent inflammatory state characterised by the accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages, cytokines and proteases. Photobiomodulation has been successfully utilised in diabetic wound healing and involves illuminating wounds at specific wavelengths using predominantly light-emitting diodes or lasers. Photobiomodulation induces wound healing through diminishing inflammation and oxidative stress, among others. Research into the application of photobiomodulation for wound healing is current and ongoing and has drawn the attention of many researchers in the healthcare sector. This review focuses on the inflammatory pathway in diabetic wound healing and the influence photobiomodulation has on this pathway using different wavelengths.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024 The Author(s). Wound Repair and Regeneration published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Wound Healing Society.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mgwenya</LastName><ForeName>Tintswalo N</ForeName><Initials>TN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Abrahamse</LastName><ForeName>Heidi</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Houreld</LastName><ForeName>Nicolette N</ForeName><Initials>NN</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1515-8260</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>HLHA24X task ALC-R007</GrantID><Agency>African Laser Centre (ALC)</Agency><Country/></Grant><Grant><Agency>University of Johannesburg (URC)</Agency><Country/></Grant><Grant><GrantID>1293270</GrantID><Agency>National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa Competitive Programme for Rated Researchers</Agency><Country/></Grant><Grant><GrantID>98337</GrantID><Agency>South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa</Agency><Country/></Grant><Grant><Agency>Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Laser Centre (NLC), Laser Rental Pool Programme</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Wound Repair Regen</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9310939</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1067-1927</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D016207">Cytokines</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014945" MajorTopicYN="Y">Wound Healing</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000528" MajorTopicYN="N">radiation effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D028022" MajorTopicYN="Y">Low-Level Light Therapy</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007249" MajorTopicYN="Y">Inflammation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017719" MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic Foot</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000532" MajorTopicYN="N">radiotherapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018384" MajorTopicYN="N">Oxidative Stress</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016207" MajorTopicYN="N">Cytokines</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">diabetes</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">inflammation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">laser therapy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">photobiomodulation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">wound healing</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>All authors report no conflicts of interest.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2024</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>6</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>2</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId 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Biomed Opt Express. 2022;13(4):2450‐2466.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC9045913</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">35519257</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609996</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1819-2718</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>36</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Season>Apr-Jun</Season></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>A NOVEL DE NOVO LIKELY PATHOGENIC VARIANT OF WFS-1 GENE IN A PAKISTANI CHILD WITH NON-CLASSIC WFS-1 SPECTRUM DISORDER.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>433</StartPage><EndPage>435</EndPage><MedlinePgn>433-435</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.55519/JAMC-02-12379</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="ABSTRACT" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Wolfram syndrome is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by an alteration in the WFS-1 gene, located on chromosome 4p16.1 and is characterized by the acronym DIDMOAD (Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy, and Deafness). WFS-1 gene encodes for a transmembrane protein termed Wolframin found in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Although Wolfram Syndrome is generally considered an autosomal recessive disorder, a milder non-classic autosomal dominant form has been reported in association with a single pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in WFS-1 gene. Objective was to date more than 200 variants have been identified in the WFS-1 gene. This case report aims to highlight and explain a novel de-novo likely pathogenic variant of the WFS-1 gene in a Pakistani child, which is highly plausible to induce non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder (MedGen UID: 481988).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CASE DISCUSSION" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Our patient, a seven-year-old boy, initially sought medical attention at our endocrine clinic for diabetic control. Besides diabetes, other notable features included short stature, sensorineural deafness and a history of bilateral cataracts. Family history was significant for parental consanguinity. A clinical diagnosis of Wolfram Syndrome was suspected and a multi gene panel test which included the WFS-1 gene was ordered. Initial report noted a variant of uncertain significance in the WFS-1 gene at c.2586G>T (p.Lys862Asn), which was later reclassified as a likely pathogenic variant by the laboratory based on the patient's clinical presentation.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Access to genetic testing is not readily available in Pakistan and our population is under studied and these complex diagnoses are often missed. In this study, we present a novel de novo likely pathogenic variant in the WFS-1 gene that causes non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder in a child from our population.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hanif</LastName><ForeName>Misbah Iqbal</ForeName><Initials>MI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sindh Institute of Child Health and Neonatology, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahmed</LastName><ForeName>Hamza</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dow International Medical College, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ibrahim</LastName><ForeName>Mohsina Noor</ForeName><Initials>MN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Child Health, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Raza</LastName><ForeName>Syed Jamal</ForeName><Initials>SJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sindh Institute of Child Health and Neonatology, Karachi-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahmed</LastName><ForeName>Syed Ajaz</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Kaiser Permanente, Riverside, CA-USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D002363">Case Reports</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Pakistan</Country><MedlineTA>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8910750</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1025-9589</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C114987">wolframin protein</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008565">Membrane Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008565" MajorTopicYN="Y">Membrane Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014929" MajorTopicYN="Y">Wolfram Syndrome</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010154" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pakistan</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">WFS-1; Non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder; Pakistan</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>13</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609996</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.55519/JAMC-02-12379</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">12379/3757</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609972</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1819-2718</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>36</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Season>Apr-Jun</Season></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>SELF-REPORTED MULTI-MORBIDITY WITH TUBERCULOSIS: DATA FROM THE KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA INTEGRATED POPULATION HEALTH SURVEY (KPIPHS) IN PAKISTAN.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>316</StartPage><EndPage>322</EndPage><MedlinePgn>316-322</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.55519/JAMC-02-12677</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">With the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a country that is already facing high tuberculosis (TB) burden, TB multi-morbidity is likely to pose a significant public health challenge in Pakistan. Data were analysed to determine the prevalence of TB and explore the distribution and determinants of multi-morbidity associated with TB in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa -a province of Pakistan.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">This is a secondary analysis of data gathered as part of the KPIPHS survey conducted in 2016-17 in both the rural and urban areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, from adults, on demographics, education and socioeconomic status, physical and mental health, reproductive health, child health, health-related quality of life, and self-reported cardiometabolic diseases including Diabetes, hypertension, renal disorders, cardiac failure, angina, and stroke.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 20,715 participants were recruited in the survey including 52.8% (n=10,943) males and 47.2% (n=9,772) females with a mean age of 41 (13.1) years. Data on TB status was available for a total of 14452 participants. The prevalence of TB in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was found to be 0.49% (n=72) including an almost equal number of males and females [48% (n=34) vs 51% (n=36)], respectively. The mean age of the patients with TB was 47.5 (11.6) years. A higher proportion of people with TB had cardiometabolic diseases compared to people without TB (45.9% vs. 30.9%). Amongst the cardiometabolic disorders, self-reported hypertension (OR: 1.81, 95% CI 1.08-3.02, p=0.02), Diabetes (OR: 3.99, 95% CI 1.95-8.18, p=<0.002), and angina (OR: 3.88 95% CI 1.20-12.49, p=0.02) were positively associated with the occurrence of TB. In the adjusted analysis, only self-reported Diabetes was positively associated with the occurrence of TB (OR: 3.33, 95% CI 1.61-6.88, p=0.001).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">There is a higher burden of self-reported cardiometabolic diseases among people with TB, suggesting that this high-risk group should be screened for cardiometabolic diseases, especially Diabetes.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Zia ul Haq</CollectiveName><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, KMU Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Afaq</LastName><ForeName>Saima</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, KMU Peshawar-Pakistan Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York-United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khattak</LastName><ForeName>Farhad Ali</ForeName><Initials>FA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hussain</LastName><ForeName>Sana</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Gandhara University, Peshawa-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fazid</LastName><ForeName>Sheraz</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, KMU Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rahim</LastName><ForeName>Abid</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Haroon</LastName><ForeName>Muhammad Zeeshan</ForeName><Initials>MZ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Community Medicine, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad-Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Siddiqi</LastName><ForeName>Kamran</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hull York Medical School, University of York, York-United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Pakistan</Country><MedlineTA>J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8910750</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1025-9589</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010154" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pakistan</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014376" MajorTopicYN="Y">Tuberculosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057566" MajorTopicYN="Y">Self Report</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006306" MajorTopicYN="Y">Health Surveys</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000076322" MajorTopicYN="N">Multimorbidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cardiometabolic; South Asia; Low- and middle-income countries; TB-Diabetes comorbidity</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>13</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609972</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.55519/JAMC-02-12677</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">12677/3733</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39609829</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1472-6823</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>24</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>29</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC endocrine disorders</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Endocr Disord</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Cognitive changes in people with diabetes with lower extremity complications compared to people with diabetes without lower extremity complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>258</StartPage><MedlinePgn>258</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">258</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12902-024-01774-3</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Recent evidence suggests that diabetes-related lower-extremity complications (DRLECs) may be associated with cognitive changes in people with diabetes. However, existing literature has produced inconsistent findings, and no systematic reviews have been conducted to investigate whether DRLECs impact the cognition of people with diabetes. This systematic review evaluated existing studies that investigated cognition in people with diabetes with DRLECs and without DRLECs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHOD" NlmCategory="METHODS">Seven databases; MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched from inception until 22/8/2022 for studies that compared cognition in people with diabetes with and without DRLECs. Results were independently screened for eligibility and assessed for methodological quality by two authors, with key data extracted. Studies were eligible for meta-analysis if the studies reported similar cases, controls, and outcome measures.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Thirteen studies were included in the review, with eleven of medium methodological quality, one of high quality, and one of low quality. Four studies found significant differences in cognition between those with and without DRLECs, four found significant associations between diabetes-related lower-extremity complications and cognition, and five found no differences or associations. One small meta-analysis of eligible studies found that there was no statistically significant difference in cognition in people without, compared to with, peripheral neuropathy (Mean difference = -0.49; 95%CI: -1.59-0.61; N = 3; n = 215). Leave-one-out sensitivity analyses further confirmed that there was no significant difference in cognition among people with and without peripheral neuropathy (p > 0.05).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">DRLECs may be related to cognition in people with diabetes, however, existing evidence is unclear due to variability in used methodologies that may challenge concluding the findings. Future high-quality studies investigating cognition among people with and without DRLECs are needed.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2024. The Author(s).</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Karunathilaka</LastName><ForeName>Nimantha</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. nimantha.durage@hdr.qut.edu.au.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka. nimantha.durage@hdr.qut.edu.au.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. nimantha.durage@hdr.qut.edu.au.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Parker</LastName><ForeName>Christina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lazzarini</LastName><ForeName>Peter A</ForeName><Initials>PA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Allied Health Research Collaborative, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Pamela</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Joondalup Health Campus, Ramsay Healthcare, Perth, WA, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Katsanos</LastName><ForeName>Chloe</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Podiatry Department, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>MacAndrew</LastName><ForeName>Margaret</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Finlayson</LastName><ForeName>Kathleen</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>QUT Postgraduate Research Award and QUT Higher Degree Research tuition fee scholarships.</GrantID><Agency>Queensland University of Technology</Agency><Country/></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Endocr Disord</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101088676</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1472-6823</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D035002" MajorTopicYN="Y">Lower Extremity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D048909" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Complications</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003071" MajorTopicYN="N">Cognition</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060825" MajorTopicYN="N">Cognitive Dysfunction</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="N">etiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003929" MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic Neuropathies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="N">etiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cognition</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes complications</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes mellitus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic foot</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Meta-analysis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Systematic review</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not necessary. Consent for publication: Not applicable. 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Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021;121:259–76. 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.028.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33278423</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39609030</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>05</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2044-6055</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>11</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ open</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ Open</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Incidence, prevalence and risk factors for comorbid mental illness among people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes in West Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e081824</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e081824</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e081824</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081824</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Mental illness remains a significant global health concern that affects diverse populations, including individuals living with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes, predominantly in lower-income to middle-income countries. The association between non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and mental illness is firmly established globally, however, this connection has yet to be comprehensively explored in West Africa. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aim to synthesise existing evidence on the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for comorbid mental illness with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes in West Africa. This effort seeks to contribute to bridging the knowledge gap and facilitating the implementation of interventions tailored to this context.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS AND ANALYSIS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A comprehensive search will be conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Carin Info and CINAHL), supplemented by searches on the websites of the WHO and various countries' ministries of health, and references cited in relevant papers. Inclusion criteria specify studies conducted in countries from the Economic Community of West African States, reported from January 2000 until date of search, focusing on adults with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes and mental illness. Exclusion criteria encompass studies outside the specified time frame, involving pregnant women, or lacking relevant outcomes. There will be no language restrictions for inclusion. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be carried out independently by at least two reviewers. We will employ pooled proportions of OR, risk ratio and mean differences to assess prevalence, and incidence of mental illness and heterogeneity will be assessed.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">This protocol does not require ethical approval; however, it is a part of a larger study on NCDs, which has received ethical clearance from the Ghana Health Service (ID NO: GHS-ERC 013/02/23). The results will be presented to stakeholders (policymakers and practitioners) and disseminated through conferences and peer-reviewed publications.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">CRD42023450732.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ayiku</LastName><ForeName>Roberta Naa Barkey</ForeName><Initials>RNB</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0009-8076-6092</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>STOP NCD PROJECT, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana robbieayiku@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jahan</LastName><ForeName>Yasmin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adjei-Banuah</LastName><ForeName>Nhyira Yaw</ForeName><Initials>NY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>STOP NCD PROJECT, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Antwi</LastName><ForeName>Edward</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Awini</LastName><ForeName>Elizabeth</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dodowa Health Research Center, Ghana Health Service Research and Development Division, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ohene</LastName><ForeName>Sammy</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Agyepong</LastName><ForeName>Irene Akua</ForeName><Initials>IA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-0193-5882</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Faculty, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dodowa Health Research Center, Ghana Health Service Research and Development Division, Dodowa, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mirzoev</LastName><ForeName>Tolib</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-2959-9187</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amoakoh-Coleman</LastName><ForeName>Mary</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Ghana Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101552874</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2044-6055</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000078202" MajorTopicYN="Y">Systematic Reviews as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006973" MajorTopicYN="Y">Hypertension</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001523" MajorTopicYN="Y">Mental Disorders</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015994" MajorTopicYN="N">Incidence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000354" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Africa, Western</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015897" MajorTopicYN="Y">Comorbidity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012107" MajorTopicYN="N">Research Design</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015201" MajorTopicYN="N">Meta-Analysis as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Health policy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hypertension</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">MENTAL HEALTH</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Competing interests: None declared.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>20</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>25</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609030</ArticleId><ArticleId 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University of Ottawa; 2014.</Citation></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609024</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2044-6055</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>11</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ open</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ Open</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Association of overweight and obesity with gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a case-control study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e082539</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e082539</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e082539</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082539</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are becoming major public health concerns in developing countries. Understanding their relationship can help in developing contextually appropriate and targeted prevention strategies and interventions to improve maternal and infant health outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association of maternal overweight and obesity with GDM among pregnant women in Ethiopia.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">Case-control study.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="SETTING" NlmCategory="METHODS">The study was conducted in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 10 March to 30 July 2020.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PARTICIPANTS" NlmCategory="METHODS">159 pregnant women with GDM (cases) and 477 pregnant women without GDM (controls).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OUTCOME MEASURES AND DATA ANALYSIS" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Screening and diagnosis of GDM in pregnant women was done by a physician using the 2013 WHO criteria of 1-hour plasma glucose level of 10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) or 2-hour plasma glucose level of 8.5-11.0 mmol/L (153-199 mg/dL) following a 75 g oral glucose load. Overweight and obesity were measured using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Binary logistic regression with bivariate and multivariable models was done to measure the association of overweight and obesity with GDM. Adjusted ORs (AORs) with a 95% CI were computed, and statistical significance was determined at a value of p=0.05.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">GDM was associated with obesity (MUAC≥31) (AOR 2.80; 95% CI 1.58 to 4.90), previous history of caesarean section (AOR 1.91; 95% CI 1.14 to 3.21) and inadequate Minimum Dietary Diversification Score <5 (AOR 3.55; 95% CI 2.15 to 5.86). The AOR for overweight (MUAC≥28 and MUAC<31) was 1.51 (95% CI 0.71 to 3.21). The odds of developing GDM were 72% lower in pregnant women who were engaging in high-level physical activity (AOR 0.28; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.67).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Obesity, but not overweight, was significantly associated with the development of GDM. Screening for GDM is recommended for pregnant women with obesity (MUAC≥31) for targeted intervention. Antenatal care providers should provide information for women of childbearing age on maintaining a healthy body weight before and in-between pregnancies and the need for healthy, diversified food and high-level physical activity.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seifu</LastName><ForeName>Yeabsra Mesfin</ForeName><Initials>YM</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9630-8215</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia yeabsramesfin@yahoo.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Deyessa</LastName><ForeName>Negussie</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seid Yimer</LastName><ForeName>Yimer</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Preventive Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101552874</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2044-6055</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016640" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes, Gestational</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011247" MajorTopicYN="N">Pregnancy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005002" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Ethiopia</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016022" MajorTopicYN="N">Case-Control Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011295" MajorTopicYN="Y">Prenatal Care</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050177" MajorTopicYN="Y">Overweight</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009765" MajorTopicYN="N">Obesity</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016015" MajorTopicYN="N">Logistic Models</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes & endocrinology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes in pregnancy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Maternal medicine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Obesity</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Competing interests: None declared.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>25</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39609024</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11603813</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082539</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">bmjopen-2023-082539</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>WHO recommendation on the diagnosis of gestational diabetes in pregnancy. 2018. http://www.who.int/diabetes/publications/Hyperglycaemia_In_Pregnancy/en/ Available.</Citation></Reference><Reference><Citation>Hildén K. 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J Nutr Metab. 2013;2013:285948. doi: 10.1155/2013/285948.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1155/2013/285948</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC3649306</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23691290</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39609009</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2044-6055</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>11</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ open</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ Open</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Implementation strategies for providing optimised tuberculosis and diabetes integrated care in LMICs (POTENTIAL): protocol for a multiphase sequential and concurrent mixed-methods study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e093747</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e093747</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e093747</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093747</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Almost a quarter of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in Pakistan may also have diabetes, with an additional quarter in a pre-diabetic state. Diabetes is a risk factor for TB. When it co-occurs with TB, it leads to poorer outcomes for both conditions, considerably increasing the burden on individuals, families and the healthcare system. We aim to improve health, quality of life and economic outcomes for people with TB and diabetes by optimising diabetes prevention, screening and management within TB care. The objectives of this study are to: (1) design an integrated optimised tuberculosis-diabetes care package (Opt-TBD) and its implementation strategies; (2) pilot and refine these implementation strategies and (3) implement and evaluate the Opt-TBD care package in 15 TB care facilities in Pakistan.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS AND ANALYSIS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We will work with the TB programme across two provinces of Pakistan: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. TB care facilities will be selected from urban and rural settings of these provinces and will include three levels: primary, secondary and tertiary care settings. This multiphase mixed-method study has three sequential phases. Once ready, the care package and its implementation strategies will be piloted to inform further refinement. The package will be implemented in 15 urban and rural TB care facilities and evaluated for its Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance, and potential for scale-up. Quantitative data will assess provider adoption and the package's accessibility and effectiveness for patients with TB and with diabetes and pre-diabetes. Qualitative data will explore barriers and facilitators for successful implementation and scale-up. Data will be analysed using statistical methods-including descriptive and inferential statistics-for quantitative data and framework analysis for qualitative data, with triangulation to integrate findings.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Ethics approval was granted by the National Bioethics Committee of Pakistan (NBCR-1010). Findings will be shared through academic publications, conferences and public outreach.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Afaq</LastName><ForeName>Saima</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9080-2220</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK saima.afaq@york.ac.uk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Imperial College London, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zala</LastName><ForeName>Zala</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aleem</LastName><ForeName>Saima</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1892-3834</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qazi</LastName><ForeName>Fatima Khalid</ForeName><Initials>FK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jamal</LastName><ForeName>Syeda Fatima</ForeName><Initials>SF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khan</LastName><ForeName>Zohaib</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1885-8254</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sarfraz</LastName><ForeName>Mariyam</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Niazi</LastName><ForeName>Asima Khan</ForeName><Initials>AK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Safdar</LastName><ForeName>Nauman</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Freelance Researcher, Islamabad, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Basit</LastName><ForeName>Abdul</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8041-3360</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ul-Haq</LastName><ForeName>Zia</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Iqbal</LastName><ForeName>Romaina</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-5364-4366</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fatima</LastName><ForeName>Razia</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Common Management Unit AIDS, TB and Malaria, Islamabad, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hewitt</LastName><ForeName>Catherine</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Siddiqi</LastName><ForeName>Najma</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1794-2152</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Parrott</LastName><ForeName>Steve</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Siddiqi</LastName><ForeName>Kamran</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-1529-7778</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of York, York, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101552874</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2044-6055</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010154" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Pakistan</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003920" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014376" MajorTopicYN="Y">Tuberculosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019033" MajorTopicYN="Y">Delivery of Health Care, Integrated</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000458" MajorTopicYN="N">organization & administration</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003906" MajorTopicYN="N">Developing Countries</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011788" MajorTopicYN="N">Quality of Life</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012107" MajorTopicYN="N">Research Design</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Implementation Science</Keyword><Keyword 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BMC Public Health. 2019;19:803. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7131-4.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1186/s12889-019-7131-4</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC6591988</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31234804</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39608964</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2530-0180</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>71</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Endocrinologia, diabetes y nutricion</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Predictive value of circulating miR-409-3p for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>372</StartPage><EndPage>379</EndPage><MedlinePgn>372-379</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.endien.2024.11.002</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2530-0180(24)00108-2</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To investigate the serum levels of miR-409-3p in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its effect on high glucose (HG)-induced myocardial cell injury.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A total of 250 patients with T2DM admitted to our hospital from April 2020 through April 2022 were enrolled as the study subjects, and then grouped into T2DM+CHD (group #1) and T2DM (group #2). Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the levels of serum miR-409-3p. The clinical performance of miR-409-3p was evaluated. The human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with HG. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to explore the potential mechanism of miR-409-3p in T2DM complicated with CHD.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The expression level of miR-409-3p was increased in the T2DM+CHD group and had a relative high diagnostic value for distinguishing patients with T2DM+CHD from patients with T2DM alone. Correlation analysis showed that serum miR-409-3p was positively associated with the Gensini score and adverse cardiovascular events; miR-409-3p knockdown alleviated HG-induced AC16 cell damage and reduced cell apoptosis. CREB1, BCL2, and SMAD2 were the top 3 hub genes of miR-409-3p.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Serum miR-409-3p may serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for predicting T2DM complicated with CHD and forecast adverse events. Targeting miR-409-3p may be a novel therapeutic strategy to intervene in the development of T2DM+CHD.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 SEEN and SED. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cao</LastName><ForeName>Liang</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Endocrinology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine East Hospital, Qinhuangdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qinhuangdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pan</LastName><ForeName>Xiangrong</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Four of Recuperation, Second Sanatorium of Qingdao Special Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Ying</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Suzhou National New&high-tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jia</LastName><ForeName>Wei</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, BenQ Medical Center, Suzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName><ForeName>Jiayang</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Suzhou National New&high-tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Jian</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Suzhou National New&high-tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China. Electronic address: drliujian_1982@163.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Spain</Country><MedlineTA>Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101717565</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2530-0180</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D035683">MicroRNAs</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C572367">MIRN409 microRNA, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000150" MajorTopicYN="N">complications</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D035683" MajorTopicYN="Y">MicroRNAs</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003327" MajorTopicYN="Y">Coronary Disease</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017209" MajorTopicYN="N">Apoptosis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011237" MajorTopicYN="N">Predictive Value of Tests</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032383" MajorTopicYN="N">Myocytes, Cardiac</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">CC</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">CHD</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">DMT2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Función</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Function</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Prognosis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pronóstico</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">T2DM</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">miR-409-3p</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>21</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>9</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>24</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39608964</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.endien.2024.11.002</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2530-0180(24)00108-2</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39608963</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>05</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2213-8595</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Time to reframe the disease staging system for type 1 diabetes.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>924</StartPage><EndPage>933</EndPage><MedlinePgn>924-933</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>In 2015, introduction of a disease staging system offered a framework for benchmarking progression to clinical type 1 diabetes. This model, based on islet autoantibodies (stage 1) and dysglycaemia (stage 2) before type 1 diabetes diagnosis (stage 3), has facilitated screening and identification of people at risk. Yet, there are many limitations to this model as the stages combine a very heterogeneous group of individuals; do not have high specificity for type 1 diabetes; can occur without persistence (ie, reversion to an earlier risk stage); and exclude age and other influential risk factors. The current staging system also infers that individuals at risk of type 1 diabetes progress linearly from stage 1 to stage 2 and subsequently stage 3, whereas such movements are often more complex. With the approval of teplizumab by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2022 to delay type 1 diabetes in people at stage 2, there is a need to refine the definition and accuracy of type 1 diabetes staging. Theoretically, we propose that a type 1 diabetes risk calculator should incorporate any available demographic, genetic, autoantibody, metabolic, and immune data that could be continuously updated. Additionally, we call to action for the field to increase the breadth of knowledge regarding type 1 diabetes risk in non-relatives, adults, and individuals from minority populations.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jacobsen</LastName><ForeName>Laura M</ForeName><Initials>LM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Electronic address: lauraj@ufl.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Atkinson</LastName><ForeName>Mark A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sosenko</LastName><ForeName>Jay M</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gitelman</LastName><ForeName>Stephen E</ForeName><Initials>SE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics, Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101618821</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2213-8587</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001323">Autoantibodies</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003922" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018450" MajorTopicYN="Y">Disease Progression</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001323" MajorTopicYN="N">Autoantibodies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>Declaration of interests No support was provided for this work. LMJ has received grant funding from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH); and participated in an advisory board for Insulet and a data and safety monitoring board (DSMB) for a trial funded by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. MAA has consulted for Abeta, ActoBio Therapeutics, CodeBio, Diamyd Medical, Endsulin, ForkHead Biotherapeutics, Inspira Therapeutics, Janssen, Nirmindas, Provention Bio, Quell, Repitoire, and Novo Nordisk; has spoken for Provention Bio, Sanofi, and Vertex; participated in a DSMB for IMCYSE; has a fiduciary role in Diamyd Medical; and owns shares in Diamyd Medical, Endsulin, and IM Therapeutics. JMS declares no competing interests. SEG has received grant funding from the NIH, Provention Bio, Sanofi, and IntrexonT1D Partners; has served on advisory boards for Abata, Avotres, Genentech, GentiBio, Provention Bio, SAB Biotherapeutics, Sana Biotechnology, and Sanofi; has participated in a DSMB for Diamyd, INNODIA, and JDRF trials; and owns shares in SAB Biotherapeutics.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2024</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>20</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>19</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>23</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39608963</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2213-8587(24)00239-0</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">39608858</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2052-4897</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Nov</Month><Day>28</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ open diabetes research & care</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effects of concurrent aerobic and strength training in patients with type 2 diabetes: Bayesian pairwise and dose-response meta-analysis.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e004400</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004400</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study aimed to investigate the effects of concurrent aerobic and strength training (CT) in patients with type 2 diabetes and determine the most effective dose of CT. From the inception of the databases to March 2024, we conducted a systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CT intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Two independent authors assessed the risk of bias of the study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tools. Results analyzed included glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), body mass index, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and VO<sub>2</sub>max. Pairwise and dose-response meta-analyses using Bayesian hierarchical random-effects modeling were performed to analyze the effects of CT in patients with type 2 diabetes. From the inception of the databases to March 2024, we conducted a systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CT intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Two independent authors assessed the risk of bias of the study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tools. Results analyzed included glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), body mass index, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and VO<sub>2</sub>max. Pairwise and dose-response meta-analyses using Bayesian hierarchical random-effects modeling were performed to analyze the effects of CT in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 1948 participants (935 males) were included in 23 RCTs. The male/female ratio of participants was 52/48; the mean age range was 50-65 years. The results show that CT significantly reduced HbA1c levels (MD=-0.48%, 95% CrI: -0.55 to -0.40), with some heterogeneity among different levels (SD=0.31, 95% CrI: 0.17 to 0.51), and the model converged well. Similarly, FBG levels were also significantly improved (MD=-0.48 mmol/L, 95% CrI: -0.55 to -0.40), with greater heterogeneity (SD=17.73, 95% CrI: 11.23 to 28.09). Additionally, we found a non-linear dose-response relationship between CT and HbA1c levels, with an optimal dose of 1030 METs-min/week (MD=-0.47%, 95% CrI: -0.68 to -0.26, SE=0.11). CT significantly improves several health indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes. A non-linear dose-response relationship was observed between the training dose of CT and HbA1c, and it is recommended that 270 min of moderate-intensity CT or 160 min of vigorous-intensity CT be performed weekly.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024547119.<b>Keywords:</b> meta-analysis; concurrent aerobic and strength training.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xue</LastName><ForeName>Han</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0009-0008-1911-2674</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zou</LastName><ForeName>Yuehui</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nantong University, Nantong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Shijie</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nantong University, Nantong, China 1916551441@qq.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D017418">Meta-Analysis</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101641391</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2052-4897</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006442">Glycated Hemoglobin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001786">Blood Glucose</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C517652">hemoglobin A1c protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003924" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001499" MajorTopicYN="Y">Bayes Theorem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015444" MajorTopicYN="Y">Exercise</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055070" MajorTopicYN="Y">Resistance Training</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006442" MajorTopicYN="N">Glycated Hemoglobin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001786" MajorTopicYN="N">Blood Glucose</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015992" MajorTopicYN="N">Body Mass Index</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016032" MajorTopicYN="N">Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Exercise</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Training</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Type 2 Diabetes</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Competing interests: None declared.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>4</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>21</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>21</Hour><Minute>14</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39608858</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11603704</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004400</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">12/6/e004400</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, et al. 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Introduction; p. 13.</Citation></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated"><PMID Version="1">39608245</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>09</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>12</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2213-2317</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>78</Volume><PubDate><Year>2024</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Redox biology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Redox Biol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>YAP1 preserves tubular mitochondrial quality control to mitigate diabetic kidney disease.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>103435</StartPage><MedlinePgn>103435</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">103435</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.redox.2024.103435</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2213-2317(24)00413-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Renal tubule cells act as a primary site of injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), with dysfunctional mitochondrial quality control (MQC) closely associated with progressive kidney dysfunction in this context. Our investigation delves into the observed inactivation of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and consequential dysregulation of MQC within renal tubule cells among DKD subjects through bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomics data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis unequivocally underscores the robust diagnostic accuracy of YAP1 and MQC-related genes for DKD. Furthermore, we observed YAP1 inactivation, accompanied by perturbed MQC, within cultured tubule cells exposed to high glucose (HG) and palmitic acid (PA). This pattern was also evident in the tubulointerstitial compartment of kidney sections from biopsy-approved DKD patients. Additionally, renal tubule cell-specific Yap1 deletion exacerbated kidney injury in diabetic mice. Mechanistically, Yap1 deletion disrupted MQC, leading to mitochondrial aberrations in mitobiogenesis and mitophagy within tubule cells, ultimately culminating in histologic tubular injury. Notably, Yap1 deletion-induced renal tubule injury promoted the secretion of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), potentially augmenting M1 macrophage infiltration within the renal microenvironment. These multifaceted events were significantly ameliorated by administrating the YAP1 activator XMU-MP-1 in DKD mice. Consistently, bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomics data from the GEO dataset revealed a noteworthy upregulation of tubule cells-derived chemokine CXCL1 associated with macrophage infiltration among DKD patients. Crucially, overexpression of YAP1 via adenovirus transfection sustained mitochondrial membrane potential, mtDNA copy number, oxygen consumption rate, and activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, but attenuated mitochondrial ROS production, thereby maintaining MQC and subsequently suppressing CXCL1 generation within cultured tubule cells exposed to HG and PA. Collectively, our study establishes a pivotal role of tubule YAP1 inactivation-mediated MQC dysfunction in driving DKD progression, at least in part, facilitated by promoting M1 macrophage polarization through a paracrine-dependent mechanism.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ye</LastName><ForeName>Siyang</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Meng</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zheng</LastName><ForeName>Xunhua</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Suchun</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fan</LastName><ForeName>Yuting</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yiqin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Peng</LastName><ForeName>Huajing</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Sixiu</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Jiayi</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tan</LastName><ForeName>Li</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Manhuai</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xie</LastName><ForeName>Peichen</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Xiaoyan</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luo</LastName><ForeName>Ning</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Zhipeng</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jin</LastName><ForeName>Leigang</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Xiaoping</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pan</LastName><ForeName>Yong</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518000, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fan</LastName><ForeName>Jinjin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Yi</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tang</LastName><ForeName>Sydney C W</ForeName><Initials>SCW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: scwtang@hku.hk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Bin</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China. Electronic address: libin85@mail.sysu.edu.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Wei</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China. Electronic address: chenwei99@mail.sysu.edu.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>23</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Redox Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101605639</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2213-2317</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000091102">YAP-Signaling Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C088374">YAP1 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C486223">Yap1 protein, mouse</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000091102" MajorTopicYN="Y">YAP-Signaling Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003928" MajorTopicYN="Y">Diabetic Nephropathies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008928" MajorTopicYN="Y">Mitochondria</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007684" MajorTopicYN="Y">Kidney Tubules</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D063306" MajorTopicYN="N">Mitophagy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Chemokine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Diabetic kidney disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hippo signaling pathway</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Macrophage</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Mitochondria</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Yes-associated protein 1</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2024</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2024</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2024</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>22</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>20</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>18</Hour><Minute>8</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2024</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">39608245</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC11629574</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.redox.2024.103435</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2213-2317(24)00413-0</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Tuttle K.R., Agarwal R., Alpers C.E., et al. 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diff --git a/api/model/facebookBartLargeMnli.py b/api/model/facebookBartLargeMnli.py
index fe5a7fd08..6c2a64f2b 100644
--- a/api/model/facebookBartLargeMnli.py
+++ b/api/model/facebookBartLargeMnli.py
@@ -3,10 +3,7 @@
from transformers import pipeline
classifier = pipeline("zero-shot-classification", model="facebook/bart-large-mnli")
-
-def classify(sequence):
- sequence_to_classify = sequence
- candidate_labels = [
+candidate_labels = [
"Diabetes",
"Cancer",
"Chronic respiratory disease",
@@ -15,8 +12,12 @@ def classify(sequence):
"Diabetes type 1",
"Diabetes type 2"
]
- results = classifier(sequence_to_classify, candidate_labels)
+
+def classify(sequence):
+ results = classifier(sequence, candidate_labels)
+
+ return results
# print(f"Sequence: {sequence_to_classify}")
- print(f"Labels: {results["labels"]}")
- print(f"Scores: {results["scores"]}")
+ # print(f"Labels: {results["labels"]}")
+ # print(f"Scores: {results["scores"]}")
diff --git a/api/model/facebookBartLargeMnli_results.txt b/api/model/facebookBartLargeMnli_results.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 37c8d87ca..000000000
--- a/api/model/facebookBartLargeMnli_results.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,232 +0,0 @@
-Pubmed query: https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term="Diabetes+Mellitus"[Mesh]&retmode=json&mindate=2024/11/29&maxdate=2024/11/29&usehistory=y
-
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 0
-PMID: 39612437
-Title: Medicine
-ArticleTitle: Association between serum uric acid and prediabetes in a normal Chinese population: A cross-sectional study.
-Abstract: Cardiovascular events are frequent among individuals with prediabetes. And the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels has been supported by extensive scientific evidence. However, there remains controversy regarding the correlation between elevated SUA and prediabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between elevated SUA levels and the prevalence of prediabetes and gender differences in the association. A total of 190,891 individuals who participated in health checkups at the Health Promotion Center of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2017 to December 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. The health checkups were carried out by trained general practitioners and nurses. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes and prediabetes are defined in the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. The association between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes was examined based on logistic regression analysis. The dose-response effect between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes in both sexes was assessed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model. Among 190,891 participants, this study included 106,482 males (55.8%) and 84,409 females (44.2%). There were 46,240 (24.2%) patients with prediabetes and 20,792 (10.9%) patients with diabetes. SUA was divided into quartiles (Q). Compared to the SUA Q1 group, the prevalence of prediabetes was elevated in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 1.378, 95% CI = 1.321-1.437), but diabetes risk was decreased in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 0.690, 95% CI = 0.651-0.730). We found that SUA levels were correlated with prediabetes more significantly in male subjects (OR = 1.328, 95% CI = 1.272-1.386) than in female subjects (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.122-1.249) (P for interaction < .001). Higher SUA levels were strongly related to an elevated prevalence of prediabetes but a decreased prevalence of diabetes. The association of SUA in prediabetes was more significant in men.
-['Humans', 'Prediabetic State', 'Male', 'Female', 'Uric Acid', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Middle Aged', 'China', 'Adult', 'Prevalence', 'Sex Factors', 'Risk Factors', 'Aged', 'East Asian People']
-Labels: ['Cardiovascular diseases', 'Diabetes', 'Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.5254083275794983, 0.2596566081047058, 0.06986134499311447, 0.044569212943315506, 0.04057301580905914, 0.03189889341592789, 0.02803259901702404]
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 1
-PMID: 39612426
-Title: Medicine
-ArticleTitle: Exploring the link between SIRT1 gene variants and depression comorbidity in type 2 diabetes.
-Abstract: This study aims to (1) analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid depression and (2) explore the association between SIRT1 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism sites and this comorbidity. A total of 450 type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized in the General Medicine Department at The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from July 2022 to September 2023, and 300 healthy individuals from the physical examination department were selected as study subjects. Both groups were assessed using general information surveys and questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed to compare clinical indicators across 3 groups: individuals with only type 2 diabetes, those with comorbid depression, and healthy controls. The age, gender, disease duration, marital status, income and drug expenditure, employment status, fasting blood glucose level, fasting insulin level difference, insulin resistance index difference, glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein level, and HCY difference among the 3 groups of patients were risk factors for type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 mRNA level was significantly reduced in type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 gene had 3 sites: rs12415800, rs3758391, and rs932658, which were related to the patient's type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. They were the additive model and dominant model of rs12415800 and rs3758391, respectively. In addition, the GTGGT haplotype composed of rs12415800-rs932658-rs7895833-rs2273773-rs1467568 and the AGACT haplotype composed of rs3758391-rs932658-rs33957861-rs3818292-rs1467568 were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. Numerous factors influence the presence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes, with the SIRT1 gene playing a significant role, serving as a potential biomarker for this comorbidity.
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Sirtuin 1', 'Female', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Depression', 'Comorbidity', 'Risk Factors', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Aged', 'Adult', 'China', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.37864062190055847, 0.33284738659858704, 0.2171827256679535, 0.021842893213033676, 0.021046964451670647, 0.01726672425866127, 0.011172729544341564]
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 2
-PMID: 39612420
-Title: Medicine
-ArticleTitle: Effects of genetic variants of organic cation transporters on metformin response in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes.
-Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Metformin is the optimal initial therapy for patients with T2DM. Genetic factors play a vital role in metformin response, including variations in drug efficacy and potential side effects. To determine the effects of genetic variants of multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2 (MATE2), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) genes on metformin response in a cohort of Saudi patients. This prospective observational study included 76 T2DM newly diagnosed Saudi patients treated with metformin monotherapy and 80 control individuals. Demographic data, lipid profiles, creatinine levels, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were collected before and after treatment. All participants were genotyped for 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs4621031, rs34399035, rs2301759, rs1800058, and rs11212617, using TaqMan R genotyping assays. This study included 156 subjects. The subjects' mean ± SD age was 50.4 ± 10.14 years. The difference in HbA1c levels in T2DM after treatment ranged from -1.20% to 8.8%, with a mean value of 0.927 ± 1.73%. In general, 73.7% of the patients with T2DM showed an adequate response to metformin (HbA1c < 7%). STK11 (rs2301759) significantly affects the response to metformin in T2DM patients. In the rs2301759 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, the prevalence of an adequate response to metformin was significantly higher among patients with C/C and T/C genotypes than among non-responders (P = .021). However, no statistically significant associations were observed for the other tested SNPs. Our study provides evidence of an association between STK11 (rs2301759) and response to metformin in Saudi patients with T2DM. The need for targeted studies on specific gene-drug associations is emphasized, and further studies with a larger population should be conducted.
-['Humans', 'Metformin', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Middle Aged', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Prospective Studies', 'Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Organic Cation Transport Proteins', 'Glycated Hemoglobin', 'Saudi Arabia', 'Adult', 'AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins', 'Genotype']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Mental Health', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Cancer', 'Diabetes type 1']
-Scores: [0.6502493619918823, 0.3046882450580597, 0.01717311702668667, 0.010871940292418003, 0.007460195105522871, 0.004829618148505688, 0.0047275531105697155]
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 3
-PMID: 39612398
-Title: Medicine
-ArticleTitle: A comprehensive review of biomarker research in diabetic nephropathy from a global bibliometric and visualization perspective.
-Abstract: Our study comprehensively and visually summarized the important findings of global biomarker research in DN and revealed the structure, hotspots, and evolutionary trends in this field. It would inspire subsequent studies from a macroscopic perspective and provide a basis for rational allocation of resources and identification of collaborations among researchers.
-['Diabetic Nephropathies', 'Humans', 'Bibliometrics', 'Biomarkers', 'Biomedical Research']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Mental Health', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cancer', 'Cardiovascular diseases']
-Scores: [0.8022783398628235, 0.06183163449168205, 0.049523256719112396, 0.046723224222660065, 0.014934984035789967, 0.013182274997234344, 0.011526266112923622]
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 4
-PMID: 39612259
-Title: Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy
-ArticleTitle: Area deprivation index impact on type 2 diabetes outcomes in a regional health plan.
-Abstract: Significant differences were identified between ADI quintiles 1 and 5 for noninsulin diabetes medication adherence, frequency of A1c test claims, all-cause health care service utilization, and total cost of care. There were no statistically significant differences between ADI quintiles for achievement of A1c goal or receipt of comorbidity-focused therapies.
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Middle Aged', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Aged', 'Adult', 'Glycated Hemoglobin', 'Medication Adherence', 'Pennsylvania', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Regional Medical Programs', 'Health Care Costs']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Mental Health', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.8181418180465698, 0.15041707456111908, 0.008329568430781364, 0.007051474414765835, 0.006902205757796764, 0.005716831423342228, 0.003441012930124998]
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 5
-PMID: 39612042
-Title: Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
-ArticleTitle: The association between chemosensitivity and the 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
-Abstract: Higher peripheral chemosensitivity was associated with an increased 10-year T2D risk, as calculated using a risk calculator based on clinical variables. For outcomes that reflect a moderate-to-high 10-year risk of T2D, the severity of OSA did not significantly affect the risk, irrespective of whether patients exhibited relatively low or high chemosensitivity.
-['Humans', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive', 'Male', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Middle Aged', 'Adult', 'Risk Factors', 'Polysomnography']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Mental Health', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Cancer', 'Diabetes type 1']
-Scores: [0.7059531807899475, 0.20942182838916779, 0.05455198511481285, 0.01318689901381731, 0.0070249345153570175, 0.00525636738166213, 0.004604842513799667]
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 6
-PMID: 39612019
-Title: Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
-ArticleTitle: The effect of physical activity on sleep quality in people with diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.
-Abstract: Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise can be prescribed to manage self-reported sleep quality in this population, although its effects may not surpass those of usual care.
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Sleep Quality', 'Exercise', 'Exercise Therapy']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.864834189414978, 0.05074859410524368, 0.02586616761982441, 0.01789938285946846, 0.01700207032263279, 0.013817625120282173, 0.009831962175667286]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 7
-PMID: 39611987
-Title: Histochemistry and cell biology
-ArticleTitle: Cratylia mollis lectin reduces inflammatory burden induced by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in diabetic wounds.
-Abstract: In diabetes, tissue repair is impaired, increasing susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infections, a pathogen commonly found in wounds. The emergence of S. aureus strains that are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic options. One promising candidate is Cramoll (Cratylia mollis seed lectin), known for its immunomodulatory, mitogenic, and healing properties. However, its efficacy in infected diabetic wounds remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effects of topical Cramoll treatment on diabetic wounds infected by S. aureus. Diabetic Swiss mice (induced by streptozotocin) were subjected to an 8-mm wound on the back and subsequently infected with a suspension of multidrug-resistant S. aureus. During the treatment period, the wounds were clinically evaluated for inflammation and the area of injury. After seven days, samples were collected from the wounds to quantify the bacterial load and histopathological and immunological analyses. Wounds infected by S. aureus exhibited more pronounced areas and severity indices, which were significantly reduced by Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in inflammatory cells and an increase in revascularization with Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Cramoll also promoted greater collagen production compared to controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Cramoll treatment significantly reduced the S. aureus load in wounds (p < 0.0001), decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels in infected wounds, and increased ERK pathway activation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Cramoll lectin improves the healing of diabetic wounds, and these results contribute to the understanding of Cramoll healing mechanisms, reinforcing its potential as a healing agent in various clinical conditions.
-['Animals', 'Mice', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Male', 'Inflammation', 'Wound Healing', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Plant Lectins']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Mental Health', 'Cancer', 'Cardiovascular diseases']
-Scores: [0.7883983254432678, 0.06994659453630447, 0.05965277552604675, 0.023746298626065254, 0.021675268188118935, 0.021635044366121292, 0.014945699833333492]
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 8
-PMID: 39611704
-Title: Nursing open
-ArticleTitle: Diabetes Education Program for Nursing Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
-Abstract: The literature search identified 464 articles, from which 13 studies were evaluated in the systematic review. Most studies (n = 12, 92.3%) used technology-based teaching methods, such as high-fidelity simulations, mobile applications, and virtual reality simulations. Regarding the evaluation of diabetes education program effectiveness, the majority of studies showed significant improvements in knowledge (n = 8, 61.5%), followed by satisfaction with learning (n = 4, 30.8%), nursing skill performance (n = 3, 23.1%), and self-confidence (n = 3, 23.1%) in nursing students. In meta-analyses, technology-based teaching interventions, compared to traditional education, showed no statistically significant improvement in diabetes knowledge (standard mean difference 9.52, 95% CI [-0.18, 19.21], p = 0.05) and self-efficacy (standard mean difference 24.09, 95% CI [-10.75, 58.92], p = 0.18). Despite this, technology-based methods demonstrated favourable effects on knowledge and self-efficacy against traditional education. Findings highlight the importance of emerging technology-based diabetes education programs tailored for nursing students, crucial for enhancing positive educational outcomes. No Patient or Public Contribution.
-['Humans', 'Students, Nursing', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Education, Nursing']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.7048473358154297, 0.06770863384008408, 0.05767152085900307, 0.05063280835747719, 0.043874796479940414, 0.03878471627831459, 0.036480143666267395]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 9
-PMID: 39611006
-Title: International journal of nanomedicine
-ArticleTitle: Combination of DMDD with Nanoparticles Effective Against Diabetic Kidney Disease in vitro.
-Abstract: The optimized formulation for DMDD-NPs was CS:TPP:DMDD = 10:3:3 (w), at pH 3.5, with 1.0 mg/mL of CS and stirring at 500 rpm for 30 min. In these conditions, the nanoparticles had a particle size of 320.37 ± 2.93 nm, an EE of 85.09 ± 1.43%, and a DL of 15.88 ± 0.51%. The DMDD-NPs exhibited a spherical shape, no leakage and minimal adhesion. The optimal freeze-drying protectant was a combination of 0.025% mannitol and 0.025% lactose. The drug release followed the Higuchi model. DMDD-NPs improved HK-2 cell proliferation at lower concentrations (<24 μg/mL) and showed greater cell migration inhibition than DMDD. DMDD-NPs promoted E-cadherin expression and inhibited vimentin and TGF-β1 expression, suggesting their potential role in preventing EMT for DKD treatment.
-['Diabetic Nephropathies', 'Humans', 'Nanoparticles', 'Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition', 'Particle Size', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Movement', 'Chitosan', 'Drug Liberation', 'Drug Carriers', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1', 'Cell Survival', 'Polyphosphates']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Mental Health', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.816673219203949, 0.06928153336048126, 0.030247803777456284, 0.027082975953817368, 0.020664982497692108, 0.02011018432676792, 0.01593935862183571]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 10
-PMID: 39610841
-Title: Frontiers in endocrinology
-ArticleTitle: Predicting hypoglycemia in elderly inpatients with type 2 diabetes: the ADOCHBIU model.
-Abstract: ChiCTR2200062277. Registered on 31 July 2022.
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Male', 'Female', 'Aged', 'Nomograms', 'China', 'Inpatients', 'Blood Glucose', 'Risk Factors', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Middle Aged', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Incidence', 'Risk Assessment', 'Prognosis']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Cancer', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Mental Health', 'Cardiovascular diseases']
-Scores: [0.7203450798988342, 0.23336085677146912, 0.01148981973528862, 0.010857968591153622, 0.009179418906569481, 0.008347881026566029, 0.006419003009796143]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 11
-PMID: 39610135
-Title: Diabetes & metabolism journal
-ArticleTitle: Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes Statistics in Korea: Nationwide Data 2010 to 2019.
-Abstract: The incidence of most CVD (IHD, ischemic stroke, and PAD) decreased between 2010 and 2019, whereas the incidence of HF increased. The overall use of high-intensity statins, SGLT2i, and GLP-1RA remained low among individuals with T2DM and CVD.
-['Humans', 'Republic of Korea', 'Male', 'Female', 'Middle Aged', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Aged', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Incidence', 'Adult', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult', 'Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors', 'Aged, 80 and over']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Diabetes', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Cancer', 'Mental Health']
-Scores: [0.35832738876342773, 0.3574276864528656, 0.23260116577148438, 0.026185905560851097, 0.01999022252857685, 0.0028958809562027454, 0.0025717534590512514]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 12
-PMID: 39610132
-Title: Diabetes & metabolism journal
-ArticleTitle: Rate-Dependent Depression of the Hoffmann Reflex: Practical Applications in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.
-Abstract: Measurement of the rate-dependent depression (RDD) of the Hoffmann (H) reflex, a technique developed over half a century ago, is founded on repeated stimulation of the H-reflex with tracking of sequentially evoked H-wave amplitudes in the resulting electromyogram. RDD offers insight into the integrity of spinal reflex pathways and spinal inhibitory regulation. Initially, RDD was predominantly utilized in the mechanistic exploration and evaluation of movement disorders characterized by spasticity symptoms, as may occur following spinal cord injury. However, there is increasing recognition that sensory input from the periphery is modified at the spinal level before ascending to the higher central nervous system and that some pain states can arise from, or be exaggerated by, disruption of spinal processing via a mechanism termed spinal disinhibition. This, along with the urgent clinical need to identify biological markers of pain generator and/or amplifier sites to facilitate targeted pain therapies, has prompted interest in RDD as a biomarker for the contribution of spinal disinhibition to neuropathic pain states. Current research in animals and humans with diabetes has revealed specific disorders of spinal GABAergic function associated with impaired RDD. Future investigations on RDD aim to further elucidate its underlying pathways and enhance its clinical applications.
-['Humans', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'H-Reflex', 'Animals', 'Neuralgia', 'Electromyography', 'Spinal Cord']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Mental Health', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.7626945972442627, 0.07108766585588455, 0.05964972451329231, 0.04690995067358017, 0.02280718833208084, 0.021296823397278786, 0.015554064884781837]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 13
-PMID: 39610131
-Title: Diabetes & metabolism journal
-ArticleTitle: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.
-Abstract: Since the role of the liver in metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, was demonstrated, studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have shown associations between fatty liver disease and other metabolic diseases. Unlike the exclusionary diagnostic criteria of NAFLD, MAFLD diagnosis is based on the presence of metabolic dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Renaming NAFLD as MAFLD also introduced simpler diagnostic criteria. In 2023, a new nomenclature, steatotic liver disease (SLD), was proposed. Similar to MAFLD, SLD diagnosis is based on the presence of hepatic steatosis with at least one cardiometabolic dysfunction. SLD is categorized into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related/-associated liver disease, alcoholrelated liver disease, specific etiology SLD, and cryptogenic SLD. The term MASLD has been adopted by a number of leading national and international societies due to its concise diagnostic criteria, exclusion of other concomitant liver diseases, and lack of stigmatizing terms. This article reviews the diagnostic criteria, clinical relevance, and differences among NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD from a diabetologist's perspective and provides a rationale for adopting SLD/MASLD in the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'Fatty Liver', 'Republic of Korea']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Mental Health', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.5635377764701843, 0.25183847546577454, 0.06326019763946533, 0.03881198167800903, 0.03723680227994919, 0.02497153729200363, 0.020343242213129997]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 14
-PMID: 39609996
-Title: Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
-ArticleTitle: A NOVEL DE NOVO LIKELY PATHOGENIC VARIANT OF WFS-1 GENE IN A PAKISTANI CHILD WITH NON-CLASSIC WFS-1 SPECTRUM DISORDER.
-Abstract: Access to genetic testing is not readily available in Pakistan and our population is under studied and these complex diagnoses are often missed. In this study, we present a novel de novo likely pathogenic variant in the WFS-1 gene that causes non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder in a child from our population.
-['Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Wolfram Syndrome', 'Male', 'Child', 'Pakistan']
-Labels: ['Mental Health', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Cancer', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 1']
-Scores: [0.42784246802330017, 0.1791149377822876, 0.10112947225570679, 0.09878000617027283, 0.07016517966985703, 0.06629620492458344, 0.056671686470508575]
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-Index: 15
-PMID: 39609972
-Title: Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
-ArticleTitle: SELF-REPORTED MULTI-MORBIDITY WITH TUBERCULOSIS: DATA FROM THE KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA INTEGRATED POPULATION HEALTH SURVEY (KPIPHS) IN PAKISTAN.
-Abstract: There is a higher burden of self-reported cardiometabolic diseases among people with TB, suggesting that this high-risk group should be screened for cardiometabolic diseases, especially Diabetes.
-['Humans', 'Pakistan', 'Male', 'Female', 'Adult', 'Middle Aged', 'Tuberculosis', 'Self Report', 'Health Surveys', 'Prevalence', 'Multimorbidity', 'Diabetes Mellitus']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.644888699054718, 0.17205913364887238, 0.04341216757893562, 0.040612392127513885, 0.03942404314875603, 0.035407643765211105, 0.024195870384573936]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 16
-PMID: 39609829
-Title: BMC endocrine disorders
-ArticleTitle: Cognitive changes in people with diabetes with lower extremity complications compared to people with diabetes without lower extremity complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
-Abstract: DRLECs may be related to cognition in people with diabetes, however, existing evidence is unclear due to variability in used methodologies that may challenge concluding the findings. Future high-quality studies investigating cognition among people with and without DRLECs are needed.
-['Humans', 'Lower Extremity', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Cognition', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'Diabetes Mellitus']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cancer', 'Cardiovascular diseases']
-Scores: [0.6487249732017517, 0.1255451738834381, 0.07055860757827759, 0.04672178626060486, 0.04010753333568573, 0.03765956312417984, 0.030682474374771118]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 17
-PMID: 39609030
-Title: BMJ open
-ArticleTitle: Incidence, prevalence and risk factors for comorbid mental illness among people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes in West Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
-Abstract: CRD42023450732.
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Systematic Reviews as Topic', 'Hypertension', 'Mental Disorders', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Incidence', 'Africa, Western', 'Comorbidity', 'Research Design', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic']
-Labels: ['Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.4379573464393616, 0.2828061580657959, 0.15691044926643372, 0.06648097932338715, 0.021535687148571014, 0.018548287451267242, 0.01576101966202259]
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-Index: 18
-PMID: 39609024
-Title: BMJ open
-ArticleTitle: Association of overweight and obesity with gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a case-control study.
-Abstract: Obesity, but not overweight, was significantly associated with the development of GDM. Screening for GDM is recommended for pregnant women with obesity (MUAC≥31) for targeted intervention. Antenatal care providers should provide information for women of childbearing age on maintaining a healthy body weight before and in-between pregnancies and the need for healthy, diversified food and high-level physical activity.
-['Humans', 'Female', 'Diabetes, Gestational', 'Pregnancy', 'Ethiopia', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Adult', 'Prenatal Care', 'Overweight', 'Young Adult', 'Obesity', 'Risk Factors', 'Logistic Models']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Mental Health', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.545982301235199, 0.11471568793058395, 0.08699879795312881, 0.07369286566972733, 0.06716068089008331, 0.06616472452878952, 0.04528484493494034]
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-Index: 19
-PMID: 39609009
-Title: BMJ open
-ArticleTitle: Implementation strategies for providing optimised tuberculosis and diabetes integrated care in LMICs (POTENTIAL): protocol for a multiphase sequential and concurrent mixed-methods study.
-Abstract: Ethics approval was granted by the National Bioethics Committee of Pakistan (NBCR-1010). Findings will be shared through academic publications, conferences and public outreach.
-['Humans', 'Pakistan', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Tuberculosis', 'Delivery of Health Care, Integrated', 'Developing Countries', 'Quality of Life', 'Research Design']
-Labels: ['Chronic respiratory disease', 'Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Mental Health', 'Cancer', 'Cardiovascular diseases']
-Scores: [0.4552350640296936, 0.3796508014202118, 0.048751067370176315, 0.04725024476647377, 0.02879474125802517, 0.025446655228734016, 0.014871370047330856]
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-Index: 20
-PMID: 39608964
-Title: Endocrinologia, diabetes y nutricion
-ArticleTitle: Predictive value of circulating miR-409-3p for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease.
-Abstract: Serum miR-409-3p may serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for predicting T2DM complicated with CHD and forecast adverse events. Targeting miR-409-3p may be a novel therapeutic strategy to intervene in the development of T2DM+CHD.
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'MicroRNAs', 'Coronary Disease', 'Male', 'Female', 'Middle Aged', 'Apoptosis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Aged']
-Labels: ['Cardiovascular diseases', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Mental Health', 'Cancer']
-Scores: [0.5476639866828918, 0.3511582612991333, 0.08510641753673553, 0.006337893195450306, 0.0035067610442638397, 0.0033269308041781187, 0.002899742219597101]
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---------------------------------------------------------
-Index: 21
-PMID: 39608963
-Title: The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology
-ArticleTitle: Time to reframe the disease staging system for type 1 diabetes.
-Abstract: In 2015, introduction of a disease staging system offered a framework for benchmarking progression to clinical type 1 diabetes. This model, based on islet autoantibodies (stage 1) and dysglycaemia (stage 2) before type 1 diabetes diagnosis (stage 3), has facilitated screening and identification of people at risk. Yet, there are many limitations to this model as the stages combine a very heterogeneous group of individuals; do not have high specificity for type 1 diabetes; can occur without persistence (ie, reversion to an earlier risk stage); and exclude age and other influential risk factors. The current staging system also infers that individuals at risk of type 1 diabetes progress linearly from stage 1 to stage 2 and subsequently stage 3, whereas such movements are often more complex. With the approval of teplizumab by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2022 to delay type 1 diabetes in people at stage 2, there is a need to refine the definition and accuracy of type 1 diabetes staging. Theoretically, we propose that a type 1 diabetes risk calculator should incorporate any available demographic, genetic, autoantibody, metabolic, and immune data that could be continuously updated. Additionally, we call to action for the field to increase the breadth of knowledge regarding type 1 diabetes risk in non-relatives, adults, and individuals from minority populations.
-['Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Humans', 'Disease Progression', 'Autoantibodies']
-Labels: ['Diabetes', 'Diabetes type 1', 'Diabetes type 2', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Cancer', 'Mental Health']
-Scores: [0.5029236078262329, 0.3697020411491394, 0.08296690136194229, 0.018413469195365906, 0.009015290066599846, 0.008764350786805153, 0.008214311674237251]
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-Index: 22
-PMID: 39608858
-Title: BMJ open diabetes research & care
-ArticleTitle: Effects of concurrent aerobic and strength training in patients with type 2 diabetes: Bayesian pairwise and dose-response meta-analysis.
-Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of concurrent aerobic and strength training (CT) in patients with type 2 diabetes and determine the most effective dose of CT. From the inception of the databases to March 2024, we conducted a systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CT intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Two independent authors assessed the risk of bias of the study using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tools. Results analyzed included glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), body mass index, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and VO
-['Humans', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Exercise', 'Resistance Training', 'Glycated Hemoglobin', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Mass Index', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic']
-Labels: ['Diabetes type 2', 'Diabetes', 'Chronic respiratory disease', 'Cardiovascular diseases', 'Mental Health', 'Cancer', 'Diabetes type 1']
-Scores: [0.6217049956321716, 0.3043733239173889, 0.021584780886769295, 0.01824142597615719, 0.01677442342042923, 0.009702042676508427, 0.007619005627930164]
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diff --git a/api/model/test.json b/api/model/test.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d6ee9b0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/api/model/test.json
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+[
+{
+"PMID": 39612437,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Association between serum uric acid and prediabetes in a normal Chinese population: A cross-sectional study.",
+"Abstract": "Cardiovascular events are frequent among individuals with prediabetes. And the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels has been supported by extensive scientific evidence. However, there remains controversy regarding the correlation between elevated SUA and prediabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between elevated SUA levels and the prevalence of prediabetes and gender differences in the association. A total of 190,891 individuals who participated in health checkups at the Health Promotion Center of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2017 to December 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. The health checkups were carried out by trained general practitioners and nurses. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes and prediabetes are defined in the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. The association between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes was examined based on logistic regression analysis. The dose-response effect between SUA levels and diabetes and prediabetes in both sexes was assessed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model. Among 190,891 participants, this study included 106,482 males (55.8%) and 84,409 females (44.2%). There were 46,240 (24.2%) patients with prediabetes and 20,792 (10.9%) patients with diabetes. SUA was divided into quartiles (Q). Compared to the SUA Q1 group, the prevalence of prediabetes was elevated in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 1.378, 95% CI = 1.321-1.437), but diabetes risk was decreased in the SUA Q4 group (OR = 0.690, 95% CI = 0.651-0.730). We found that SUA levels were correlated with prediabetes more significantly in male subjects (OR = 1.328, 95% CI = 1.272-1.386) than in female subjects (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.122-1.249) (P for interaction < .001). Higher SUA levels were strongly related to an elevated prevalence of prediabetes but a decreased prevalence of diabetes. The association of SUA in prediabetes was more significant in men.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Prediabetic State", "Male", "Female", "Uric Acid", "Cross-Sectional Studies", "Middle Aged", "China", "Adult", "Prevalence", "Sex Factors", "Risk Factors", "Aged", "East Asian People"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612426,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Exploring the link between SIRT1 gene variants and depression comorbidity in type 2 diabetes.",
+"Abstract": "This study aims to (1) analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid depression and (2) explore the association between SIRT1 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism sites and this comorbidity. A total of 450 type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized in the General Medicine Department at The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from July 2022 to September 2023, and 300 healthy individuals from the physical examination department were selected as study subjects. Both groups were assessed using general information surveys and questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed to compare clinical indicators across 3 groups: individuals with only type 2 diabetes, those with comorbid depression, and healthy controls. The age, gender, disease duration, marital status, income and drug expenditure, employment status, fasting blood glucose level, fasting insulin level difference, insulin resistance index difference, glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein level, and HCY difference among the 3 groups of patients were risk factors for type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 mRNA level was significantly reduced in type 2 diabetes comorbid depression patients. The SIRT1 gene had 3 sites: rs12415800, rs3758391, and rs932658, which were related to the patient's type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. They were the additive model and dominant model of rs12415800 and rs3758391, respectively. In addition, the GTGGT haplotype composed of rs12415800-rs932658-rs7895833-rs2273773-rs1467568 and the AGACT haplotype composed of rs3758391-rs932658-rs33957861-rs3818292-rs1467568 were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes comorbid depression. Numerous factors influence the presence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes, with the SIRT1 gene playing a significant role, serving as a potential biomarker for this comorbidity.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Adult", "Aged", "Female", "Humans", "Male", "Middle Aged", "Case-Control Studies", "China", "Comorbidity", "Depression", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Genetic Predisposition to Disease", "Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide", "Risk Factors", "Sirtuin 1"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612420,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Effects of genetic variants of organic cation transporters on metformin response in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes.",
+"Abstract": "Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Metformin is the optimal initial therapy for patients with T2DM. Genetic factors play a vital role in metformin response, including variations in drug efficacy and potential side effects. To determine the effects of genetic variants of multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2 (MATE2), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) genes on metformin response in a cohort of Saudi patients. This prospective observational study included 76 T2DM newly diagnosed Saudi patients treated with metformin monotherapy and 80 control individuals. Demographic data, lipid profiles, creatinine levels, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were collected before and after treatment. All participants were genotyped for 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs4621031, rs34399035, rs2301759, rs1800058, and rs11212617, using TaqMan R genotyping assays. This study included 156 subjects. The subjects' mean ± SD age was 50.4 ± 10.14 years. The difference in HbA1c levels in T2DM after treatment ranged from -1.20% to 8.8%, with a mean value of 0.927 ± 1.73%. In general, 73.7% of the patients with T2DM showed an adequate response to metformin (HbA1c < 7%). STK11 (rs2301759) significantly affects the response to metformin in T2DM patients. In the rs2301759 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, the prevalence of an adequate response to metformin was significantly higher among patients with C/C and T/C genotypes than among non-responders (P = .021). However, no statistically significant associations were observed for the other tested SNPs. Our study provides evidence of an association between STK11 (rs2301759) and response to metformin in Saudi patients with T2DM. The need for targeted studies on specific gene-drug associations is emphasized, and further studies with a larger population should be conducted.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Metformin", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Female", "Middle Aged", "Male", "Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide", "Hypoglycemic Agents", "Prospective Studies", "Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases", "Organic Cation Transport Proteins", "Glycated Hemoglobin", "Saudi Arabia", "Adult", "AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases", "Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins", "Genotype"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612398,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "A comprehensive review of biomarker research in diabetic nephropathy from a global bibliometric and visualization perspective.",
+"Abstract": "Our study comprehensively and visually summarized the important findings of global biomarker research in DN and revealed the structure, hotspots, and evolutionary trends in this field. It would inspire subsequent studies from a macroscopic perspective and provide a basis for rational allocation of resources and identification of collaborations among researchers.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Diabetic Nephropathies", "Humans", "Bibliometrics", "Biomarkers", "Biomedical Research"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612259,
+"Title": "Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy",
+"ArticleTitle": "Area deprivation index impact on type 2 diabetes outcomes in a regional health plan.",
+"Abstract": "Significant differences were identified between ADI quintiles 1 and 5 for noninsulin diabetes medication adherence, frequency of A1c test claims, all-cause health care service utilization, and total cost of care. There were no statistically significant differences between ADI quintiles for achievement of A1c goal or receipt of comorbidity-focused therapies.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Female", "Middle Aged", "Male", "Retrospective Studies", "Aged", "Adult", "Glycated Hemoglobin", "Medication Adherence", "Pennsylvania", "Hypoglycemic Agents", "Regional Medical Programs", "Health Care Costs"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612042,
+"Title": "Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung",
+"ArticleTitle": "The association between chemosensitivity and the 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes in male patients with obstructive sleep apnea.",
+"Abstract": "Higher peripheral chemosensitivity was associated with an increased 10-year T2D risk, as calculated using a risk calculator based on clinical variables. For outcomes that reflect a moderate-to-high 10-year risk of T2D, the severity of OSA did not significantly affect the risk, irrespective of whether patients exhibited relatively low or high chemosensitivity.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Sleep Apnea, Obstructive", "Male", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Middle Aged", "Adult", "Risk Factors", "Polysomnography"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612019,
+"Title": "Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung",
+"ArticleTitle": "The effect of physical activity on sleep quality in people with diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.",
+"Abstract": "Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise can be prescribed to manage self-reported sleep quality in this population, although its effects may not surpass those of usual care.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Sleep Quality", "Exercise", "Exercise Therapy"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39611987,
+"Title": "Histochemistry and cell biology",
+"ArticleTitle": "Cratylia mollis lectin reduces inflammatory burden induced by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in diabetic wounds.",
+"Abstract": "In diabetes, tissue repair is impaired, increasing susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infections, a pathogen commonly found in wounds. The emergence of S. aureus strains that are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic options. One promising candidate is Cramoll (Cratylia mollis seed lectin), known for its immunomodulatory, mitogenic, and healing properties. However, its efficacy in infected diabetic wounds remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effects of topical Cramoll treatment on diabetic wounds infected by S. aureus. Diabetic Swiss mice (induced by streptozotocin) were subjected to an 8-mm wound on the back and subsequently infected with a suspension of multidrug-resistant S. aureus. During the treatment period, the wounds were clinically evaluated for inflammation and the area of injury. After seven days, samples were collected from the wounds to quantify the bacterial load and histopathological and immunological analyses. Wounds infected by S. aureus exhibited more pronounced areas and severity indices, which were significantly reduced by Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in inflammatory cells and an increase in revascularization with Cramoll treatment (p < 0.05). Cramoll also promoted greater collagen production compared to controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Cramoll treatment significantly reduced the S. aureus load in wounds (p < 0.0001), decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels in infected wounds, and increased ERK pathway activation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Cramoll lectin improves the healing of diabetic wounds, and these results contribute to the understanding of Cramoll healing mechanisms, reinforcing its potential as a healing agent in various clinical conditions.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Animals", "Mice", "Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental", "Male", "Inflammation", "Wound Healing", "Staphylococcal Infections", "Staphylococcus aureus", "Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus", "Plant Lectins"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39611704,
+"Title": "Nursing open",
+"ArticleTitle": "Diabetes Education Program for Nursing Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.",
+"Abstract": "The literature search identified 464 articles, from which 13 studies were evaluated in the systematic review. Most studies (n = 12, 92.3%) used technology-based teaching methods, such as high-fidelity simulations, mobile applications, and virtual reality simulations. Regarding the evaluation of diabetes education program effectiveness, the majority of studies showed significant improvements in knowledge (n = 8, 61.5%), followed by satisfaction with learning (n = 4, 30.8%), nursing skill performance (n = 3, 23.1%), and self-confidence (n = 3, 23.1%) in nursing students. In meta-analyses, technology-based teaching interventions, compared to traditional education, showed no statistically significant improvement in diabetes knowledge (standard mean difference 9.52, 95% CI [-0.18, 19.21], p = 0.05) and self-efficacy (standard mean difference 24.09, 95% CI [-10.75, 58.92], p = 0.18). Despite this, technology-based methods demonstrated favourable effects on knowledge and self-efficacy against traditional education. Findings highlight the importance of emerging technology-based diabetes education programs tailored for nursing students, crucial for enhancing positive educational outcomes. No Patient or Public Contribution.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Students, Nursing", "Diabetes Mellitus", "Education, Nursing"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39611006,
+"Title": "International journal of nanomedicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Combination of DMDD with Nanoparticles Effective Against Diabetic Kidney Disease in vitro.",
+"Abstract": "The optimized formulation for DMDD-NPs was CS:TPP:DMDD = 10:3:3 (w), at pH 3.5, with 1.0 mg/mL of CS and stirring at 500 rpm for 30 min. In these conditions, the nanoparticles had a particle size of 320.37 ± 2.93 nm, an EE of 85.09 ± 1.43%, and a DL of 15.88 ± 0.51%. The DMDD-NPs exhibited a spherical shape, no leakage and minimal adhesion. The optimal freeze-drying protectant was a combination of 0.025% mannitol and 0.025% lactose. The drug release followed the Higuchi model. DMDD-NPs improved HK-2 cell proliferation at lower concentrations (<24 μg/mL) and showed greater cell migration inhibition than DMDD. DMDD-NPs promoted E-cadherin expression and inhibited vimentin and TGF-β1 expression, suggesting their potential role in preventing EMT for DKD treatment.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Diabetic Nephropathies", "Humans", "Nanoparticles", "Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition", "Particle Size", "Cell Line", "Cell Movement", "Chitosan", "Drug Liberation", "Drug Carriers", "Transforming Growth Factor beta1", "Cell Survival", "Polyphosphates"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39610841,
+"Title": "Frontiers in endocrinology",
+"ArticleTitle": "Predicting hypoglycemia in elderly inpatients with type 2 diabetes: the ADOCHBIU model.",
+"Abstract": "ChiCTR2200062277. Registered on 31 July 2022.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Hypoglycemia", "Male", "Female", "Aged", "Nomograms", "China", "Inpatients", "Blood Glucose", "Risk Factors", "Aged, 80 and over", "Middle Aged", "Hypoglycemic Agents", "Incidence", "Risk Assessment", "Prognosis"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39610135,
+"Title": "Diabetes & metabolism journal",
+"ArticleTitle": "Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes Statistics in Korea: Nationwide Data 2010 to 2019.",
+"Abstract": "The incidence of most CVD (IHD, ischemic stroke, and PAD) decreased between 2010 and 2019, whereas the incidence of HF increased. The overall use of high-intensity statins, SGLT2i, and GLP-1RA remained low among individuals with T2DM and CVD.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Republic of Korea", "Male", "Female", "Middle Aged", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Aged", "Cardiovascular Diseases", "Incidence", "Adult", "Nutrition Surveys", "Risk Factors", "Young Adult", "Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors", "Aged, 80 and over"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39610132,
+"Title": "Diabetes & metabolism journal",
+"ArticleTitle": "Rate-Dependent Depression of the Hoffmann Reflex: Practical Applications in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy.",
+"Abstract": "Measurement of the rate-dependent depression (RDD) of the Hoffmann (H) reflex, a technique developed over half a century ago, is founded on repeated stimulation of the H-reflex with tracking of sequentially evoked H-wave amplitudes in the resulting electromyogram. RDD offers insight into the integrity of spinal reflex pathways and spinal inhibitory regulation. Initially, RDD was predominantly utilized in the mechanistic exploration and evaluation of movement disorders characterized by spasticity symptoms, as may occur following spinal cord injury. However, there is increasing recognition that sensory input from the periphery is modified at the spinal level before ascending to the higher central nervous system and that some pain states can arise from, or be exaggerated by, disruption of spinal processing via a mechanism termed spinal disinhibition. This, along with the urgent clinical need to identify biological markers of pain generator and/or amplifier sites to facilitate targeted pain therapies, has prompted interest in RDD as a biomarker for the contribution of spinal disinhibition to neuropathic pain states. Current research in animals and humans with diabetes has revealed specific disorders of spinal GABAergic function associated with impaired RDD. Future investigations on RDD aim to further elucidate its underlying pathways and enhance its clinical applications.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Diabetic Neuropathies", "H-Reflex", "Animals", "Neuralgia", "Electromyography", "Spinal Cord"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39610131,
+"Title": "Diabetes & metabolism journal",
+"ArticleTitle": "Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.",
+"Abstract": "Since the role of the liver in metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, was demonstrated, studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have shown associations between fatty liver disease and other metabolic diseases. Unlike the exclusionary diagnostic criteria of NAFLD, MAFLD diagnosis is based on the presence of metabolic dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Renaming NAFLD as MAFLD also introduced simpler diagnostic criteria. In 2023, a new nomenclature, steatotic liver disease (SLD), was proposed. Similar to MAFLD, SLD diagnosis is based on the presence of hepatic steatosis with at least one cardiometabolic dysfunction. SLD is categorized into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related/-associated liver disease, alcoholrelated liver disease, specific etiology SLD, and cryptogenic SLD. The term MASLD has been adopted by a number of leading national and international societies due to its concise diagnostic criteria, exclusion of other concomitant liver diseases, and lack of stigmatizing terms. This article reviews the diagnostic criteria, clinical relevance, and differences among NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD from a diabetologist's perspective and provides a rationale for adopting SLD/MASLD in the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease", "Fatty Liver", "Republic of Korea"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39610015,
+"Title": "Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society",
+"ArticleTitle": "Photobiomodulation studies on diabetic wound healing: An insight into the inflammatory pathway in diabetic wound healing.",
+"Abstract": "Diabetes mellitus remains a global challenge to public health as it results in non-healing chronic ulcers of the lower limb. These wounds are challenging to heal, and despite the different treatments available to improve healing, there is still a high rate of failure and relapse, often necessitating amputation. Chronic diabetic ulcers do not follow an orderly progression through the wound healing process and are associated with a persistent inflammatory state characterised by the accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages, cytokines and proteases. Photobiomodulation has been successfully utilised in diabetic wound healing and involves illuminating wounds at specific wavelengths using predominantly light-emitting diodes or lasers. Photobiomodulation induces wound healing through diminishing inflammation and oxidative stress, among others. Research into the application of photobiomodulation for wound healing is current and ongoing and has drawn the attention of many researchers in the healthcare sector. This review focuses on the inflammatory pathway in diabetic wound healing and the influence photobiomodulation has on this pathway using different wavelengths.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Wound Healing", "Humans", "Low-Level Light Therapy", "Inflammation", "Diabetic Foot", "Oxidative Stress", "Cytokines"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39609996,
+"Title": "Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC",
+"ArticleTitle": "A NOVEL DE NOVO LIKELY PATHOGENIC VARIANT OF WFS-1 GENE IN A PAKISTANI CHILD WITH NON-CLASSIC WFS-1 SPECTRUM DISORDER.",
+"Abstract": "Access to genetic testing is not readily available in Pakistan and our population is under studied and these complex diagnoses are often missed. In this study, we present a novel de novo likely pathogenic variant in the WFS-1 gene that causes non-classic WFS-1 spectrum disorder in a child from our population.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Membrane Proteins", "Wolfram Syndrome", "Male", "Child", "Pakistan"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39609972,
+"Title": "Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC",
+"ArticleTitle": "SELF-REPORTED MULTI-MORBIDITY WITH TUBERCULOSIS: DATA FROM THE KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA INTEGRATED POPULATION HEALTH SURVEY (KPIPHS) IN PAKISTAN.",
+"Abstract": "There is a higher burden of self-reported cardiometabolic diseases among people with TB, suggesting that this high-risk group should be screened for cardiometabolic diseases, especially Diabetes.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Pakistan", "Male", "Female", "Adult", "Middle Aged", "Tuberculosis", "Self Report", "Health Surveys", "Prevalence", "Multimorbidity", "Diabetes Mellitus"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39609829,
+"Title": "BMC endocrine disorders",
+"ArticleTitle": "Cognitive changes in people with diabetes with lower extremity complications compared to people with diabetes without lower extremity complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.",
+"Abstract": "DRLECs may be related to cognition in people with diabetes, however, existing evidence is unclear due to variability in used methodologies that may challenge concluding the findings. Future high-quality studies investigating cognition among people with and without DRLECs are needed.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Lower Extremity", "Diabetes Complications", "Cognition", "Cognitive Dysfunction", "Diabetic Neuropathies", "Diabetes Mellitus"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39609030,
+"Title": "BMJ open",
+"ArticleTitle": "Incidence, prevalence and risk factors for comorbid mental illness among people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes in West Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.",
+"Abstract": "CRD42023450732.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes", "Diabetes type 2"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Systematic Reviews as Topic", "Hypertension", "Mental Disorders", "Prevalence", "Risk Factors", "Incidence", "Africa, Western", "Comorbidity", "Research Design", "Meta-Analysis as Topic"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39609024,
+"Title": "BMJ open",
+"ArticleTitle": "Association of overweight and obesity with gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a case-control study.",
+"Abstract": "Obesity, but not overweight, was significantly associated with the development of GDM. Screening for GDM is recommended for pregnant women with obesity (MUAC≥31) for targeted intervention. Antenatal care providers should provide information for women of childbearing age on maintaining a healthy body weight before and in-between pregnancies and the need for healthy, diversified food and high-level physical activity.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Female", "Diabetes, Gestational", "Pregnancy", "Ethiopia", "Case-Control Studies", "Adult", "Prenatal Care", "Overweight", "Young Adult", "Obesity", "Risk Factors", "Logistic Models"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39609009,
+"Title": "BMJ open",
+"ArticleTitle": "Implementation strategies for providing optimised tuberculosis and diabetes integrated care in LMICs (POTENTIAL): protocol for a multiphase sequential and concurrent mixed-methods study.",
+"Abstract": "Ethics approval was granted by the National Bioethics Committee of Pakistan (NBCR-1010). Findings will be shared through academic publications, conferences and public outreach.",
+"Predictions": ["Diabetes"],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Pakistan", "Diabetes Mellitus", "Tuberculosis", "Delivery of Health Care, Integrated", "Developing Countries", "Quality of Life", "Research Design"]
+},
+
+{
+"PMID": 39612534,
+"Title": "Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy",
+"ArticleTitle": "Multivariate analysis of Raman spectra for discriminating human collagens: In vitro identification of extracellular matrix collagens produced by an osteosarcoma cell line.",
+"Abstract": "This study establishes Raman spectroscopy as a tool for identifying and characterizing human collagens, aiding in the diagnosis of connective tissue disorders. The creation of a spectral reference library for pure human collagen types I - VI holds potential for medical diagnostics, analytical chemistry, and materials science applications.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Spectrum Analysis, Raman", "Osteosarcoma", "Collagen", "Cell Line, Tumor", "Extracellular Matrix", "Multivariate Analysis", "Bone Neoplasms"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612521,
+"Title": "Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces",
+"ArticleTitle": "Transferrin-targeting pH-responsive and biodegradable mesoporous silica nanohybrid for nitric oxide-sensitized chemotherapy of cancer.",
+"Abstract": "Weakly acidic pH, low oxygen and high glutathione levels are the main characteristics of tumor cells. Taking advantage of the unique acidic microenvironment of tumor cells, acid-responsive mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (AMON) were designed for nitric oxide (NO)-sensitized chemotherapy of tumors. AMON served as a nanocarrier co-loaded with a nitric oxide donor (NOD) and chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). Transferrin (Tf) was modified on the surface as a targeting ligand to form NOD&DOX@AMON. In vitro experiments showed that AMON could be completely degraded under acidic conditions (pH 5.0) after 48 h. NOD&DOX@AMON entered cells via transferrin receptor-mediated internalization and degraded in the acidic microenvironment to release its payloads. NOD released NO in presence of one-electron reducing substances like Glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid, inhibiting P-glycoprotein(P-gp) function and thereby increasing the intracellular concentration of DOX. In vivo distribution studies revealed that the nanohybrids accumulated maximally in tumor tissue 12 h after intravenous injection and exhibited significant inhibitory effects on HepG2 xenograft tumors. Western blot experiments demonstrated that NOD&DOX@AMON could inhibit the expression of drug resistance-associated proteins and was expected to be employed as a therapeutic approach for drug-resistant ttumors.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Doxorubicin", "Humans", "Nitric Oxide", "Transferrin", "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "Animals", "Silicon Dioxide", "Nanoparticles", "Porosity", "Mice", "Hep G2 Cells", "Antibiotics, Antineoplastic", "Mice, Inbred BALB C", "Particle Size", "Surface Properties", "Mice, Nude", "Antineoplastic Agents", "Drug Carriers"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612480,
+"Title": "JMIR research protocols",
+"ArticleTitle": "Ultrasound-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Combined With PD-1 Blockade in Patients With Liver Metastases From Lung Cancer: Protocol for a Single-Arm Phase 2 Trial.",
+"Abstract": "DERR1-10.2196/59152.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Liver Neoplasms", "Lung Neoplasms", "High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation", "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors", "Male", "Female", "Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor", "Middle Aged", "Combined Modality Therapy", "Aged", "Adult", "Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612472,
+"Title": "Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center",
+"ArticleTitle": "Pan-Cancer Analysis of PTBP1 to Identify it as a Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker.",
+"Abstract": "Our study is the first to demonstrate the oncogenic role of PTBP1 in a pan-cancer context. PTBP1 might serve as a new biomarker for prognostic prediction and immune cell infiltration across cancers in the future.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein", "Humans", "Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins", "Prognosis", "Biomarkers, Tumor", "Mice", "Animals", "Cell Line, Tumor", "Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic", "Neoplasms", "Computational Biology", "Melanoma", "Colonic Neoplasms", "Adenocarcinoma of Lung", "RNA, Messenger"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612465,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Association between immune cell attributes, serum metabolites, inflammatory protein factors, and colorectal cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.",
+"Abstract": "Understanding the role of the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains a challenge due to its complexity. Investigating the interplay between immune cell characteristics, serum metabolites, inflammatory protein factors, and CRC could unveil novel therapeutic avenues. We used 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) on Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data to explore causal links between 731 immune cell characteristics, 1400 serum metabolites, 91 inflammatory proteins, and CRC. Various MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW) and MR-Egger, were applied to ensure robust analysis. Sensitivity analyses, such as the MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out analysis, were performed to check for pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and influential outliers. Following rigorous genetic variation screening, we identified 43 immune cell characteristics associated with CRC. Notably, 7 immunophenotypes, including CD39+ CD4+ T cell Absolute Count, exhibited significant associations as protective factors. Additionally, 36 other immunophenotypes showed significant causal relationships with CRC. Among serum metabolites, 37 were correlated with CRC, with 1-arachidonoyl-gpc (20: 4n6) being the most closely linked as a risk factor. Similarly, 36 serum metabolites displayed significant causal relationships with CRC. Seven inflammatory protein factors exhibited causal relationships with CRC, with 4 posing as risk factors and 3 as protective factors. Our study scrutinized 731 immune cell characteristics, 1400 serum metabolites, and 91 inflammatory protein factors within the tumor microenvironment. We confirmed causal relationships between 43 immune cell characteristics, 37 serum metabolites, and 7 inflammatory protein factors with CRC. These findings offer novel insights into the potential etiology, prevention, and treatment strategies for CRC.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Colorectal Neoplasms", "Mendelian Randomization Analysis", "Genome-Wide Association Study", "Risk Factors", "Tumor Microenvironment", "Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612459,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Cost-effectiveness analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with targeted therapy and chemotherapy for HPV/HIV-related cervical cancer.",
+"Abstract": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors significantly improve survival benefits for patients. However, their addition is costly and unlikely to be cost-effective for HPV/HIV-related metastatic cervical cancer.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Uterine Cervical Neoplasms", "Cost-Benefit Analysis", "Female", "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors", "Papillomavirus Infections", "Quality-Adjusted Life Years", "HIV Infections", "Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols", "Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized", "Bevacizumab", "Adult", "Middle Aged", "Cost-Effectiveness Analysis"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612458,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on the mechanism of Wensan tincture in the treatment of pulmonary nodules: A review.",
+"Abstract": "Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were applied to elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of Wensan tincture (WST) in the treatment of pulmonary nodules. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and the Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chemical Composition database were used to screen the active ingredients. Potential targets of WST were retrieved using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology, SwissADME, and SwissTargetPrediction, while pulmonary nodule-associated targets were obtained from GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases. An active ingredient-target network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.1, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted via the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery platform to identify core targets and signaling pathways. Molecular docking studies were performed using AutoDockTools. The results revealed 62 active ingredients and 344 corresponding targets within the tincture, alongside 1005 targets associated with pulmonary nodules. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that the potential therapeutic targets of WST include signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, mitogen-activated protein kinase-3, mitogen-activated protein kinase-1, Jun proto-oncogene, tumor protein 53, phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1, heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1, and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1. The primary pathways were the cancer pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, advanced glycation end-products and their receptor signaling, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling, and the programmed cell death-ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1 checkpoint pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated that quercetin exhibited the strongest binding affinity with mitogen-activated protein kinase-3, with a binding energy of -9.1 kcal/mol. Notably, key components of WST, such as quercetin, demonstrate considerable potential as drug candidates for the treatment of pulmonary nodules.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Molecular Docking Simulation", "Humans", "Drugs, Chinese Herbal", "Network Pharmacology", "Medicine, Chinese Traditional", "Lung Neoplasms", "Signal Transduction"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612452,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Iwilfin (eflornithine) approved by the FDA as the first and only oral maintenance therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma in adult and pediatric patients: Narrative review.",
+"Abstract": "Neural crest progenitor cells give rise to neuroblasts, the growing nerve cells of the sympathetic nervous system. These cells can undergo changes leading to neuroblastoma, a malignancy responsible for 15% of all pediatric cancer-related deaths. The molecular pathogenesis of this pediatric cancer involves complex genetic alterations, such as MYCN amplification, chromosomal abnormalities, and gene expression changes. Despite aggressive therapies, survival rates for children with high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) have not improved significantly compared to those with less severe forms of the disease. This highlights the challenge of managing HRNB and underscores the need for new, effective treatments. A comprehensive treatment regimen, including immunotherapy, radiation therapy, myeloablative chemotherapy, and surgical removal, has been employed to achieve remission in HRNB patients. While dinutuximab beta immunotherapy is an effective and widely used treatment, it has several potential side effects that must be carefully monitored. New drugs are being developed to reduce these side effects without compromising efficacy. One such drug is DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), approved by the FDA under the brand name Iwilfin. Numerous clinical trials have shown that DFMO, when used as maintenance therapy, significantly improves event-free survival and overall survival in neuroblastoma patients. However, DFMO has adverse effects that require continuous monitoring. Further research is needed to minimize these side effects and improve its efficacy, particularly in addressing resistance caused by long-term use.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Neuroblastoma", "Child", "Eflornithine", "United States", "Adult", "Drug Approval", "Antineoplastic Agents", "United States Food and Drug Administration", "Maintenance Chemotherapy", "Administration, Oral"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612448,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Multimodal imaging of mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney: Case series.",
+"Abstract": "MESTK is a rare, mostly benign tumor that appears as a multilocular cystic or cystic solid, with progressive marked enhancement of the septal and solid components on enhanced scans. This imaging feature is helpful for the diagnosis of MESTK.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Female", "Kidney Neoplasms", "Middle Aged", "Multimodal Imaging", "Retrospective Studies", "Adult", "Tomography, X-Ray Computed", "Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed", "Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial", "Magnetic Resonance Imaging", "Kidney"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612446,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Talus osteoid osteoma misdiagnosed as ankle synovitis: A case report in rehabilitation therapy.",
+"Abstract": "This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of ankle osteoid osteoma and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. Rehabilitation therapists play a crucial role in managing such conditions, ensuring optimal patient outcomes through functional assessment and progress monitoring. Timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and improved patient quality of life.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Male", "Osteoma, Osteoid", "Adult", "Diagnostic Errors", "Talus", "Bone Neoplasms", "Synovitis", "Ankle Joint", "Magnetic Resonance Imaging"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612443,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "A new nonsense mutation of PTCH1 gene in mother and daughter with late-onset nevus basal cell carcinoma syndrome: Case report.",
+"Abstract": "We detected a new mutation in PTCH1 gene in 2 patients with NBCCS, and both of them had ovarian mature teratomas, which are related to NM000264: exon14: c.2080C>T: p.Q694X.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Patched-1 Receptor", "Female", "Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome", "Codon, Nonsense", "Ovarian Neoplasms", "Adult", "Teratoma", "Middle Aged", "Skin Neoplasms", "Mothers"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612442,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Partial nephrectomy versus radiofrequency ablation in patients with cT1a renal cell carcinoma: A surveillance, epidemiology, end results (SEER) analysis.",
+"Abstract": "Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been proposed for T1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The present study compared partial nephrectomy (PN) with RFA for T1a RCC stratified by tumor sizes. We selected patients with RCC and underwent PN or RFA through the surveillance, epidemiology, end results (SEER) database. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression model were conducted. Inverse probability of treatment weights was conducted for sensitivity analysis. We enrolled 15,692 patients in the unmatched cohort, 15,392 (98.1%) underwent PN, and 300 (1.9%) underwent RFA. For tumor ≦ 2 cm, PN was equal to RFA in terms of overall survival (OS) (P > .05) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (P > .05). For tumor size 2 to 3 cm, PN is likely to have a better OS (P < .05)and comparable CSS (P > .05). For > 3 cm tumor, PN might be associated with higher OS (P < .05) and CSS (P < .05) compared with RFA. In conclusion, PN had a similar OS and CSS compared with RFA in tumor size ≦ 2 cm, RFA could be offered for elderly or patients with comorbidity. For > 2 cm tumors, RFA is not recommended. However, further randomized controlled trials are further required to validate our results.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Carcinoma, Renal Cell", "Kidney Neoplasms", "Nephrectomy", "Female", "Male", "SEER Program", "Middle Aged", "Radiofrequency Ablation", "Aged", "Neoplasm Staging", "Kaplan-Meier Estimate", "Proportional Hazards Models"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612440,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Sensitivity of major chronic diseases and patients of different ages to the collapse of the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.",
+"Abstract": "This study evaluates the sensitivity of major chronic diseases to the collapse of the healthcare system for developing prevention and control strategies under normal and emergency conditions. Data for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] pandemic) were curated from the National Disease Mortality Surveillance System, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention for diseases such as cancer, heart disease (HD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The yearly death rate change for 2018, 2019, and 2020 were calculated. Similarly, expected and observed death cases, 95% confidence intervals, and Z-score were calculated for the year 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic). Furthermore, linear regression analysis was performed to analyze a correlation between the median age of various groups and the mortality rate. The observed death cases for cerebrovascular, heart, and other chronic diseases, were more than the expected death cases (430,007 vs 421,317, 369,684 vs 368,957, and 302,974 vs 300,366) as well as an upper limit of 95% confidence interval. The observed death cases for COPD and cancer are less than the expected death cases (127,786 vs 140,524, 450,346 vs 463,961) and lower limit of the 95% confidence interval. The highest Z-score was noted for cerebrovascular disease (105.14). The disease impact of severity was CVD, other chronic diseases, and HD in descending order. The unexpected decline in deaths was found for COPD and cancers with Z-scores (-166.45 and -116.32). The severity of impact was CVD, other chronic diseases, HD, cancer, and COPD in descending order. The COVID-19 pandemic has also resulted in an increase in deaths of the relatively young population as shown by the difference in rate of slop. The healthcare system collapsed due to prevention, control measures and increased burden of COVID-19 patients, affected chronic disease treatment/management and as a consequence variation in death rates occurs in different chronic diseases. A marked increase in mortality was observed in cerebrovascular disease. The unexpected decline in deaths from COPD and cancers, and increase in deaths of the relatively young population suggests that there may be opportunities for improvement in chronic disease management.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "COVID-19", "China", "Chronic Disease", "Aged", "Middle Aged", "Male", "Adult", "Female", "Delivery of Health Care", "SARS-CoV-2", "Neoplasms", "Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive", "Cerebrovascular Disorders", "Age Factors", "Pandemics", "Aged, 80 and over"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612436,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Comprehensive analysis of rheumatic diseases, comorbidities, and mortality in geriatric population: Real-world data of 515 patients in a single rheumatology clinic.",
+"Abstract": "Rheumatic diseases present unique challenges in the elderly, with changes in the immune system contributing to varied clinical presentations. More individuals are now living with chronic diseases due to greater life expectancy, but there is a lack of real-world data about rheumatic diseases and comorbidities in older people. This study aimed to investigate disease types, comorbidities, treatments, and mortality in geriatric patients in comparison to non-geriatric patients at a rheumatology clinic. This retrospective observational cohort study reviewed the medical records of 2610 patients from January 2021 to January 2024 at 2 branches of a private hospital's rheumatology clinics. Demographic information and data on rheumatic diseases, noninflammatory conditions, treatments, comorbidities, and mortality were collected, and geriatric patients were compared to non-geriatric patients. Geriatric patients (n = 515) had a significantly higher prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (50.6% vs 28.8%, P < .001), polymyalgia rheumatica (11.1% vs 0.2%, P < .001), and crystal arthritis (19.6% vs 8.8%, P < .001), with more frequent geriatric-onset cases. Osteoarthritis was also more prevalent in geriatric patients (51.2% vs 11.3%, P < .001), while fibromyalgia was more common in the non-geriatric group (15.9% vs 4.1%, P < .001). Geriatric patients experienced higher rates of comorbidities, including hypertension (72.4% vs 17.8%, P < .001), diabetes (33.6% vs 12.1%, P < .001), and osteoporosis (64.9% vs 35.4%, P < .001). These patients used more corticosteroids (74.5% vs 44%, P < .001), and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (62.4% vs 49.4%, P < .001) but fewer biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (9.2% vs 23.1%, P < .001). Mortality rates were significantly higher in geriatric patients (6% vs 0.3%), with cancer (P = .001), ischemic heart disease (P = .04), heart failure (P = .01), chronic kidney disease (P = .02), and interstitial lung disease (P = .01) being associated with increased mortality. Geriatric rheumatology should receive greater focus in future research to help address the anticipated increases in demand and to develop tailored management strategies for elderly patients with rheumatic diseases and comorbidities.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Aged", "Female", "Male", "Rheumatic Diseases", "Retrospective Studies", "Comorbidity", "Aged, 80 and over", "Middle Aged", "Prevalence"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612434,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Spermatic cord myxoma: A rare case report.",
+"Abstract": "Although rare, spermatic cord myxomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of scrotal masses. Surgical excision is both diagnostic and therapeutic, providing a favorable prognosis with minimal risk of recurrence.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Male", "Myxoma", "Middle Aged", "Spermatic Cord", "Genital Neoplasms, Male", "Diagnosis, Differential"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612433,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Two case reports of breast cancer combined with synchronous primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma/mixed liver cancer.",
+"Abstract": "The treatment approach adopted in this case report may serve as a favorable reference for the management of similar cases. However, further extensive biological studies are still needed to investigate the biological mechanisms of multiple primary malignant tumors and to discover specific therapeutic approaches to achieve more clinical benefits for patients.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Female", "Cholangiocarcinoma", "Neoplasms, Multiple Primary", "Breast Neoplasms", "Bile Duct Neoplasms", "Liver Neoplasms", "Middle Aged", "Carcinoma, Hepatocellular", "Aged", "Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612432,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "The role of 1400 plasma metabolites in gastric cancer: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study and metabolic pathway analysis.",
+"Abstract": "While observational studies have illustrated correlations between plasma metabolites and gastric cancer (GC), the causal association between the 2 is still unclear. Our study aims to delineate the bidirectional relationship between plasma metabolites and GC and find potential metabolic pathways. We undertook a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship, specificity, and direction of association between 1400 plasma metabolites and GC. The GWAS data for metabolites was obtained from a cohort of 8299 European individuals. And the GC's GWAS data was from FinnGen Consortium with 2384 European individuals, and the GWAS catalog with 1029 European ancestry cases for validation. Causal estimates were primarily calculated by the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. To ensure robustness, we performed comprehensive sensitivity analyses to assess heterogeneity and address concerns regarding horizontal pleiotropy. We validated the forward relationship between metabolites and GC from another database and implemented meta-analysis. Furthermore, we conducted metabolic enrichment and pathway analysis of these causal metabolites using MetaboAnalyst5.0/6.0 with the database of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. All statistical analysis was carried out using R software. Metabolites like 2s, 3R-dihydroxybutyrate, 4-acetamidobutanoate, ferulic acid 4-sulfate and methyl indole-3-acetate was proven positively linked with the development of GC. Asparagine, glucose to maltose ratio, glycohyocholate, Gulonate levels, linoleoyl ethanolamide and Spermidine to (N(1) + N(8))-acetylspermidine ratio was proven to be negatively associated with GC. Moreover, linoleic acid, histidine, glutamine, bilirubin, Succinate to proline ratio were found to be potentially linked to the development of GC. Furthermore, our analysis identified 18 significant metabolic pathways, including Arginine and proline metabolism (P < .009) and Valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis (P < .031). Our findings offer evidence supporting potential casual relations between multiple plasma metabolites and GC. These findings may offer great potential for future application of these biomarkers in GC screening and clinical prevention strategies.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Mendelian Randomization Analysis", "Stomach Neoplasms", "Genome-Wide Association Study", "Metabolic Networks and Pathways", "Male", "Female"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612428,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Correlation between CT spectral quantitative parameters and expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 in non-small cell lung cancer.",
+"Abstract": "To detect the expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) and aristaless-like homeobox 1 (ALX1) in non-small cell lung cancer and analyze the relationship between CT spectral quantitative parameters and immunohistochemical markers, in order to evaluate the biological characteristics of lung cancer by spectral CT. Spectral CT data and paraffin masses of 50 adult patients with lung cancer were collected. CT quantitative parameters including the slope of spectral curve, effective atomic number and iodine concentration in enhanced phases were acquired. Expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 were detected by immunohistochemical tests, and compared between different pathological types and differentiation grades of tumor cells. CT quantitative parameters at different expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 were compared, respectively. The relationship between CT quantitative parameters and expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 were analyzed. There was no significant difference of expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Expression levels of HIF-1α among different differentiation grades of tumor cells had significant difference (χ2 = 27.100, P < .001), while without significant difference in ALX1 expression. CT spectral parameters had significant difference among expression levels of HIF-1α and ALX1 (P < .01). There was a positive correlation between each CT spectral parameter and the expression level of immunohistochemical markers. CT spectral quantitative parameters are significantly different among expression levels of immunohistochemical markers. The positive correlation between CT quantitative parameter and expression level of immunohistochemical markers suggests CT spectral imaging could predict biological characteristics of tumors.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung", "Lung Neoplasms", "Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit", "Male", "Middle Aged", "Female", "Tomography, X-Ray Computed", "Aged", "Homeodomain Proteins", "Adult", "Biomarkers, Tumor", "Immunohistochemistry"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612421,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in a patient with multiple primary gastric and rectal cancers with good prognosis: A case report.",
+"Abstract": "According to the results of NGS testing, the multiple primary cancers' patient received personalized treatment and ultimately achieved clinical complete remission. This case highlights the critical role of genetic testing in accurately identifying multiple primary cancer and the value of personalized guidance for patient treatment using NGS in clinical practice.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Male", "Rectal Neoplasms", "Stomach Neoplasms", "Aged", "Neoplasms, Multiple Primary", "Adenocarcinoma", "Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols", "Immunotherapy", "Chemotherapy, Adjuvant", "Capecitabine", "Neoadjuvant Therapy", "Prognosis", "Oxaloacetates"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612416,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "High C-reactive protein is associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.",
+"Abstract": "C-reactive protein (CRP) is a nonspecific biomarker for systemic inflammatory response and is linked to the prognosis of breast cancer (BC); however, few studies have investigated the correlation between CRP and the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment for BC. We recruited 177 patients with BC who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our clinical trial. the median CRP level (0.24 mg/L), patients were categorized into high and low groups. We examined the relationship between CRP levels and various clinicopathological factors, including pathological complete response (pCR), using the chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Furthermore, we evaluated the predictive capacity of CRP for different molecular subtypes by constructing receiver operating characteristic curves. To identify the independent variables associated with pCR, we conducted logistic regression multivariate analysis. No association was found between C-reactive levels at baseline and pCR rates. CRP level was significantly associated with higher body mass index, and the high CRP group had more overweight patients (47.06% vs. 16.30%, P < .001). In hormone receptor-positive patients, the high CRP group demonstrated a significantly higher pCR rate (OR = 4.115, 95% CI: 1.481-11.36, P = .009). The areas under the curve was 0.670 (95% CI: 0.550-0.792, P < .001). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the CRP level was a significant independent predictor of pCR (OR = 5.882, 95% CI: 1.470-28.57, P = .017). High CRP levels were found to be associated with a higher pCR rate, indicating their independent predictive value in determining the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in hormone receptor-positive BC patients.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Female", "C-Reactive Protein", "Breast Neoplasms", "Neoadjuvant Therapy", "Middle Aged", "Adult", "Aged", "Biomarkers, Tumor", "Receptors, Estrogen", "ROC Curve", "Receptors, Progesterone", "Treatment Outcome", "Chemotherapy, Adjuvant", "Prognosis", "Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols"]
+},
+{
+"PMID": 39612415,
+"Title": "Medicine",
+"ArticleTitle": "Development of a nomogram for predicting cancer pain in lung cancer patients: An observational study.",
+"Abstract": "During the progression of lung cancer, cancer pain is a common complication. Currently, there are no accurate tools or methods to predict the occurrence of cancer pain in lung cancer. Our study aims to construct a predictive model for lung cancer pain to assist in the early diagnosis of cancer pain and improve prognosis. We retrospectively collected clinical data from 300 lung cancer patients between March 2013 and March 2023. First, we compared the clinical data of the groups with and without cancer pain. Significant factors were further screened using random forest analysis (IncMSE% > 2) to identify those with significant differences. Finally, these factors were incorporated into a multifactorial logistic regression model to develop a predictive model for lung cancer pain. The predictive accuracy and performance of the model were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) analysis. Our study collected data from 300 lung cancer patients, including 100 in the pain-free group and 200 in the pain group. Subsequently, we conducted univariate analysis on 22 factors and selected statistically significant factors using random forest methods. Ultimately, lymphocytes(LYM) percentage, bone metastasis, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and interleukin-6 (IL6) were identified as key factors. These 4 factors were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to construct a predictive model for lung cancer pain. The model demonstrated good predictive ability, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.852 (95% CI: 0.806-0.899). The calibration curve indicated that the model has good accuracy in predicting the risk of lung cancer pain. DCA further emphasized the model's high accuracy. The model was finally validated using 5-fold cross-validation. We developed a reliable predictive model for cancer pain in lung cancer. This can provide a theoretical basis for future large-sample, multi-center studies and may also assist in the early prevention and intervention of cancer pain in lung cancer.",
+"Predictions": [],
+"MeshTerms": ["Humans", "Lung Neoplasms", "Female", "Male", "Nomograms", "Cancer Pain", "Middle Aged", "Retrospective Studies", "Aged", "ROC Curve", "Logistic Models", "Prognosis", "Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha"]
+}
+]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/api/pubmedApi.py b/api/pubmedApi.py
index 3a63534a0..6583ba42c 100644
--- a/api/pubmedApi.py
+++ b/api/pubmedApi.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ FILENAME = "pubmedData.xml"
# term = "diabetes+type+1+OR+diabetes+type+2+OR+mental+health"
term = '"Diabetes+Mellitus"[Mesh]'
+# term = 'cancer'
date_min = "2024/11/29"
date_max = "2024/11/29"
@@ -42,28 +43,71 @@ print(obj["PubmedArticle"][0].get("Title"))
for key in obj.keys():
if isinstance(obj[key], list):
+
+ i = 0
+
for entrie in obj[key]:
print("--------------------------------------------------------")
- print(f"Index: {obj[key].index(entrie)}")
- if "Abstract" in entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"] :
- pmid = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["PMID"]
- title = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Journal"]["Title"]
- articleTitle = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["ArticleTitle"]
- abstract = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Abstract"]["AbstractText"]
- print(f"PMID: {pmid}")
- print(f"Title: {title}")
- print(f"ArticleTitle: {articleTitle}")
- print(f"Abstract: {abstract}")
-
- meshTerms = []
- for meshTerm in entrie["MedlineCitation"]["MeshHeadingList"]["MeshHeading"]:
- meshTerms.append(meshTerm["DescriptorName"])
-
- print(meshTerms)
-
- facebookBartLargeMnli.classify(title + " \n " + articleTitle + " \n " + abstract)
- else:
- print(f"It has no abstract: {entrie["MedlineCitation"]["PMID"]}")
+
+ if "MedlineCitation" in entrie:
+
+ if "MeshHeadingList" in entrie["MedlineCitation"]:
+ i+=1
+ print(f"Index: {obj[key].index(entrie)}")
+ pmid = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["PMID"]
+ title = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Journal"]["Title"]
+ articleTitle = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["ArticleTitle"]
+ print(f"PMID: {pmid}")
+ print(f"Title: {title}")
+ print(f"ArticleTitle: {articleTitle}")
+
+ if "Abstract" in entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"] :
+ abstract = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Abstract"]["AbstractText"]
+ print(f"Abstract: {abstract}")
+
+ meshTerms = []
+ for meshTerm in entrie["MedlineCitation"]["MeshHeadingList"]["MeshHeading"]:
+ meshTerms.append(meshTerm["DescriptorName"])
+
+ print(meshTerms)
+
+ if i > 20:
+ break
+
+
+ # print(f"Index: {obj[key].index(entrie)}")
+ # pmid = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["PMID"]
+ # title = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Journal"]["Title"]
+ # articleTitle = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["ArticleTitle"]
+ # print(f"PMID: {pmid}")
+ # print(f"Title: {title}")
+ # print(f"ArticleTitle: {articleTitle}")
+
+ # if "Abstract" in entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"] :
+ # abstract = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Abstract"]["AbstractText"]
+ # print(f"Abstract: {abstract}")
+
+
+
+ # if "Abstract" in entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"] :
+ # pmid = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["PMID"]
+ # title = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Journal"]["Title"]
+ # articleTitle = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["ArticleTitle"]
+ # abstract = entrie["MedlineCitation"]["Article"]["Abstract"]["AbstractText"]
+ # print(f"PMID: {pmid}")
+ # print(f"Title: {title}")
+ # print(f"ArticleTitle: {articleTitle}")
+ # print(f"Abstract: {abstract}")
+
+ # meshTerms = []
+ # for meshTerm in entrie["MedlineCitation"]["MeshHeadingList"]["MeshHeading"]:
+ # meshTerms.append(meshTerm["DescriptorName"])
+
+ # print(meshTerms)
+
+ # facebookBartLargeMnli.classify(title + " \n " + articleTitle + " \n " + abstract)
+ # else:
+ # print(f"It has no abstract: {entrie["MedlineCitation"]["PMID"]}")
print("--------------------------------------------------------")
diff --git a/api/test_model.py b/api/test_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..083c773a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/api/test_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from parser.jsonParser import parseJsonFile
+import time
+import model.facebookBartLargeMnli as facebookBartLargeMnli
+
+def predict(article):
+ pmid = article["PMID"]
+ title = article["Title"]
+ articleTitle = article["ArticleTitle"]
+ abstract = article["Abstract"]
+ meshTerms = article["MeshTerms"]
+ print(f"PMID: {pmid}")
+ print(f"Title: {title}")
+ print(f"ArticleTitle: {articleTitle}")
+ print(f"Abstract: {abstract}")
+ print(f"MeshTerm: {meshTerms}")
+
+ return facebookBartLargeMnli.classify(title + " \n " + articleTitle + " \n " + abstract)
+
+
+
+try:
+ articles = parseJsonFile("./model/test.json")
+ # print(articles)
+except Exception as e:
+ print(f"Error: {e}")
+
+start = time.time()
+
+predictions = 0
+
+for article in articles:
+ results = predict(article)
+
+ print(f"Labels: {results["labels"]}")
+ print(f"Scores: {results["scores"]}")
+
+ predictPresent = False
+
+ for id, score in enumerate(results["scores"]):
+ if score >= 0.6:
+ if results["labels"][id] in article["Predictions"]:
+ predictPresent = True
+ break
+
+ print(f"Prediction: {predictPresent}")
+
+ if predictPresent and len(article["Predictions"]) != 0:
+ predictions += 1
+ elif predictPresent == False and len(article["Predictions"]) == 0:
+ predictions += 1
+
+end = time.time()
+
+print(f"Time to classify all articles: {end-start} seconds")
+print(f"Good classification: {predictions}/{len(articles)}")
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diff --git a/rapport.md b/rapport.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# Rapport 20.12.2024
+
+## ChatGpt
+
+J'ai exploré comment utiliser curl depuis le terminal pour interagir avec ChatGPT et obtenir des réponses. Jusqu'à présent, il semble que la seule méthode fonctionnelle nécessite l'utilisation de l'API d'OpenAI. Par exemple :
+
+```bash
+curl https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions \
+ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+ -H "Authorization: Bearer API_KEY" \
+ -d '{
+ "model": "gpt-4",
+ "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Bonjour, comment vas-tu ?"}]
+ }'
+```
+
+Pour l'instant, le seul moyen d'utiliser ChatGPT sans clé API est de passer directement par le site web, ce qui implique de faire les tests manuellement. Je vais poursuivre mes recherches pour essayer de trouver une alternative ou d'obtenir une clé API afin de pouvoir automatiser mes tests.
+
+## Teste des models
+
+Nous avons discuté de la nécessité de concevoir une méthode pour évaluer les performances des modèles que je trouve. Pour pouvoir par la suite identifier le modèle qui marcherait le mieux pour notre cas de figure. J'ai commencé à travailler sur une méthode.
+
+J'ai regroupé plusieurs articles pour constituer un ensemble de tests. Pour le moment, ces articles sont divisés en deux catégories : ceux classés comme "Diabète" et ceux qui ne le sont pas. Ces articles sont stockés dans un fichier JSON au format suivant :
+
+```json
+
+{
+"PMID": 0,
+"Title": "...",
+"ArticleTitle": "...",
+"Abstract": "...",
+"Predictions": ["...", "..."],
+"MeshTerms": ["...", "..."]
+},
+
+```
+
+Le champ "Predictions" est rempli manuellement par mes soins. Je précise les classes que le modèle de classification devrait reconnaître en me basant sur les MeshTerms fournis par PubMed.
+
+J'ai également développé un programme qui exécute la classification sur tous les articles pré-sélectionnés et qui :
+- calcule le temps nécessaire au modèle pour classifier les articles.
+- évalue le taux de prédictions correctes en comparant les résultats du modèle avec mes prédictions manuelles.
+
+### A faire
+
+- Ajouter plus d'article.
+- Ajouter une plus grande variété d'articles :
+ - plus d'articles sans abstract
+ - des articles vagues, mais qui devraient tout de même être correctement classés
+- Refaire mon calcul de classification correcte. Actuellement, je considère qu'une classe est choisie si son score dépasse 60 %, ce qui ne fonctionne pas forcément. Par exemple dans le cas d'articles qui ont moins de contenu, le modèle pourrai être moins confiant de ces prédictions, donc faudrait prendre ces variations en compte.
+- Ajouter une meilleure séparation dans les résultats pour les rendre plus compréhensibles.
+- Intégrer des articles permettant de tester tous les mots-clés.
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